Unveiling keyhole-induced porosity and grain orientation in laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) of maraging 300 steel through coupled computational fluid dynamics and cellular automaton
Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) is a prominent additive manufacturing technique for fabricating complex metal components, but its applications in high performance high pressure die casting (HPDC) molds made by maraging 300 steel are challenged by defect formation and microstructural inconsistency. In this study, a multi...