Lactylation and oxidative stress in diabetic retinopathy: Emerging links among metabolic reprogramming, epigenetic regulation and therapeutic potential.
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of visual impairment and is characterized by progressive microvascular injury, neurovascular dysfunction, and sustained oxidative stress. Lactylation, a lactate-derived post-translational modification, may represent a mechanistic link between hyperglycemia-induced metabolic...