Engineered Mesenchymal Stem Cell‐Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Antifibrotic Nanotherapeutics for Chronic Kidney Disease
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects more than 850 million people worldwide, and progressive renal fibrosis is the most common cause of irreversible renal loss. Mesenchymal stem cell‐derived extracellular vesicles (MSC‐EVs) are nanoscale membrane‐bound particles carrying bioactive proteins, lipids, and regulatory RNAs...