Iron-bound organic carbon formation governs the dual role of iron in anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge: A stage-specific dosing strategy for enhanced methane recovery.
Iron salts are widely used in sludge treatment, but their dual role in stimulating methanogenesis and immobilizing bioavailable organic carbon during anaerobic digestion remains insufficiently understood. This study investigated the effects of FeCl3 dosage and dosing timing on methane production, Fe-bound organic carbo...