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Xuan-Chang Zhang

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#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Gibbs-Gap Policy Optimization for Off-Policy RL with Verifiable Rewards

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards often trains language models on responses generated by a different, possibly stale behavior policy. Correcting this mismatch with learner-to-behavior importance weights can introduce high variance for long responses. We introduce Gibbs-Gap Policy Optimization (GGPO), which...

Xuan-Chang Zhang, Tong Zhang · 0 citations