Zeroth-order (ZO) optimization offers a memory-efficient alternative for LLM fine-tuning by estimating updates only from forward evaluations of perturbed parameters, without backpropagation or activation storage. However, in billion-parameter LLMs, isotropic perturbations often waste many forward evaluations on weakly...
Yue Xie, Zhi Zheng, Yun-Peng Ba et al.· 0 citations
In-cell learning is introduced, a paradigm for writing new knowledge only within these cells, so that re-quantizing the served weights reproduces the released integer codes and scales exactly.
Zifeng Liu, Yaxin Lu, Xuanhan Wu et al.· 0 citations
These findings position ES as a distinct reasoning post-training paradigm rather than a less effective, memory-efficient alternative to GRPO, and study how hyperparameter design affects the effectiveness of ES, demonstrating that ES requires a smaller population size in a larger LLM.
Yunpeng Ba, Zhi Zheng, Yue Xie et al.· 0 citations
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