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Xuanang Hu

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Preprint Aug 2026

The Optimal Rate in the Averaged Random-Marginal Central Limit Theorem for Log-Concave Measures

Let $X$ be a centered isotropic log-concave random vector in $\mathbb{R}^n$. For $\theta\in S^{n-1}$, let $\mu_\theta$ be the law of $\langle X,\theta\rangle$, and let $\Theta$ be uniformly distributed on $S^{n-1}$, independently of $X$. We prove the sharp estimate \[ \textsf{E} W_1(\mu_\Theta,\gamma_1) \le \frac{C}{n}. \] Here the Wasserstein distance is computed after the direction is fixed and is then averaged over the sphere. No symmetry assumption is imposed. A product measure with centered exponential coordinates gives a matching lower bound of order $n^{-1}$. The proof separates the averaged-direction law from the fluctuation among fixed directions. For the first part, a Taylor expansion in the random radius retains a mean-zero cancellation and yields an $O(n^{-1})$ error. For the second, a weighted $L^2$ distance between distribution functions is converted into an exact spherical kernel depending only on $|x|^2$, $|y|^2$, and $\langle x,y\rangle$. Expanding this kernel in $\langle x,y\rangle$, we control its linear, quadratic, and cubic terms using the quadratic variance inequality $\operatorname{Var}(X^\top M X) \le 8\operatorname{Tr}(M^2)$, while fixed-order moment estimates control the remainder.

Xuanang Hu · 0 citations
Preprint Aug 2026

Sharp Convex Concentration for Symmetric Random Tensors with Subgaussian Coordinates

Let $X=(X_1,\ldots,X_n)$ have independent coordinates with mean zero, variance one, and $\|X_i\|_{\psi_2}\le K$, and let $H_d=(\mathbb R^n)^{\otimes_2 d}$. Let $L>0$ and let $f:H_d\to\mathbb R$ be convex and $L$-Lipschitz. We prove that, for $0\le t\le c_KLn^{d/2}$, \[ \textsf{P}\left\{ \left\lvert f(X^{\otimes d})-\textsf{E}f(X^{\otimes d})\right\rvert>t \right\} \le C\exp\left[-c_K\mathcal I_{n,d}\left( \frac{t}{L n^{(d-1)/2}} \right)\right], \] where \[ \mathcal I_{n,d}(s)= \min\left\{ \frac{s^2}{d^2}, \frac{s^2}{d\log(e+nd/s^2)} \right\},\qquad s>0, \qquad \mathcal I_{n,d}(0)=0. \] The first rate is forced by changes in $\|X\|$. The second comes from changes of $X$ when its norm is nearly fixed. The proof constructs one coupling that controls both the coordinatewise conditional displacement and the mean squared Euclidean distance, and combines these bounds with a second-order estimate for $x\mapsto x^{\otimes d}$. The rate is minimax sharp, scale by scale, even when the subgaussian norms are bounded by an absolute constant. For bounded coordinates the logarithm in the second rate disappears.

Xuanang Hu · 0 citations
Preprint Jul 2026

Failure of Convex-Hull Bounds under Log-Convex Tails

Fix $0<r<1$, and let $X_1,X_2,\dots$ be independent symmetric Weibull$(r)$ random variables, that is, \[ \textsf{P}(|X_i|>t)=e^{-t^r},\qquad t\ge 0. \] We prove that there is no constant $C_r$, depending only on $r$, with the following universal property: for every finite set $T\subset \R^N$ there exists a sequence $(y_k)_{k\ge 1}\subset \R^N$ such that \[ T-T\subset conv\{y_k:k\ge 1\}, \qquad \|X_{y_k}\|_{L_{\log(k+2)}}\le C_r\,\bx(T) \quad (k\ge 1), \] where $X_t=\sum_i t_i X_i$ and $\bx(T)=\textsf{E}\sup_{t\in T}X_t$. This gives a negative answer to a question of Lata{\l}a concerning the validity of convex-hull bounds for canonical Weibull processes. In fact, the failure persists even when the auxiliary vectors appearing in the convex hull are allowed to be arbitrary.

Xuanang Hu, Hanchao Wang · 0 citations