Yan Du

Data-Assimilation-Driven Geohazard Monitoring and Early Warning Along Railways: A Review and the PAD Framework

Conventional early-warning methods for geohazards along railways rely largely on single observations, empirical criteria or static analysis, and struggle to meet the demands of corridor-scale screening and dynamic tracking. To address this gap, a railway-oriented Perception–Assimilation–Decision (PAD) closed-loop early...