Incorporation of Bone Marrow Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes into GelMA Hydrogel Effectively Attenuates Disc Degeneration in the Vertebrae of Rats
Chronic back pain and related disabilities are largely caused by intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). However, effective treatments remain limited. Existing treatment modalities, encompassing both conservative and surgical approaches, often fail to effectively arrest disease progression and may be associated with s...