DeepGVS: a bimodal deep learning framework integrating coding-sequence and protein-structural representations for virulence factor prediction.
MOTIVATION Virulence factors (VFs) mediate host adhesion, invasion, immune evasion and toxin-mediated damage, making accurate VF prediction important for understanding bacterial pathogenesis and antimicrobial intervention. Existing predictors mainly use one-dimensional (1D) protein sequences, overlooking complementary...