Defect-Mediated Oxygen Vacancy Engineering of CeO2 Unlocks Fast V2+/V3+ Kinetics for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries
Vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) are promising for large-scale energy storage, yet their high-power capability is hindered by sluggish V2+/V3+ redox kinetics at the negative electrode. While CeO2-decorated graphite felts are widely investigated, most lack precise oxygen vacancy tuning and atomic-level mechanisti...