Noise removal and intensity inhomogeneity correction in brain MRI: A comprehensive review from classical filters to transformer and diffusion models.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the preferred modality for non-invasive examination of the human brain, but the acquired images are inevitably corrupted by Rician noise and by intensity non-uniformity (INU), also called the bias field, which arises from imperfect radio-frequency coils and from subject-induced field...