Text guided 3D scene editing provides an intuitive interface for modifying reconstructed environments, but remains difficult because natural language design requests are often semantically underspecified and must be grounded in cluttered 3D scenes. Existing methods typically formulate the task as one-shot conditional generation from a single prompt, failing to resolve ambiguous user intents or achieve precise spatial grounding. Consequently, they suffer from severe object localization drift, tracking failure under occlusions, and the notorious multi-view"sticker effect."To overcome these limitations, we present DesignAgent3D, an interactive multimodal agentic framework that reformulates 3D scene editing as a designer-like Plan-Perceive-Act paradigm. The agent first plans by interacting with the user to clarify underspecified design goals, then perceives by grounding the intended edit to specific objects or regions in the 3D scene, and finally acts by applying controlled visual modifications while preserving scene consistency. The edits are further integrated into the underlying 3D representation, supporting persistent and multi-view consistent novel-view rendering. Extensive experiments across both NeRF and 3D Gaussian Splatting backbones demonstrate that DesignAgent3D significantly outperforms state-of-the-art baselines, delivering superior semantic intent alignment, impeccable spatial localization accuracy, and high-fidelity multi-view consistency.
Xiujin Liu, Tianyu Yang, Yilun Zhao et al.· 0 citations
Rubric-based reinforcement learning extends RL beyond tasks with exact answers or rule-based verifiers by scoring responses against instance-specific criteria. However, this makes reward computation expensive: training requires repeated rubric judging, often with proprietary APIs or local generative LLM judges with 7B parameters or more. We study whether smaller language models can serve as efficient and reliable rubric-based judges. To make this question measurable, we construct PointRubric and RaR-Science-Static, two pointwise rubric-based evaluation datasets with instance-specific criteria and itemwise satisfaction labels. We compare three ways of extracting criterion-level judgments from small models: Generative verdicts, Yes/No Logprob margins, and Probe judges. Across both datasets, the Qwen3-1.7B Probe judge achieves the strongest criterion-level agreement among these methods, outperforming Generative and Logprob judges. Used as a GRPO reward model, it trains a policy from 0.232 to 0.643 on RaR-Science rubric score, compared with 0.594 for an 8B Generative judge baseline, while the baseline requires 10.7$\times$ more reward-judge time. Task and domain transfer experiments further suggest that Probe judges preserve criterion-level reward structure across settings.
Feng-Yu Xie, Yilun Zhao, Bingsen Chen et al.· 0 citations