A Finite Difference Method for 3D Fracture Characteristics of Hard-Thick Strata Considering Elastic–Plastic Supports and Strain-Softening
Mid-Thick Plate Theory oversimplifies boundary conditions and ignores key attributes like material plasticity and strain-softening behavior. In response to these challenges, this study introduces a refined method aimed at calculating 3D fracturing characteristics in hard-thick layers, especially those considering an el...