When documentation follows the patient: Unprofessional language and behavioral health referrals in substance use disorder — a retrospective cohort study using LLM-augmented natural language processing
Objective Substance use disorders (SUDs) are a major public health challenge, and stigma remains a key barrier to care. Unprofessional or stigmatizing language can shape clinician perceptions and affect decision-making. Traditional natural language processing (NLP) often misses context-dependent bias, while large langu...