Biomass and Waste Pyrolysis: A Critical Review of Reaction Pathways, Reactor Engineering, Product Quality, Catalytic Upgrading, and Industrial Scale-Up
Pyrolysis is a thermochemical conversion route in which carbonaceous feedstocks are heated under oxygen-deficient or oxygen-free conditions to form a controllable mixture of solid, liquid, and gaseous products. This review critically synthesizes the engineering principles governing biomass and waste pyrolysis, with emp...