Precision oncology has revolutionized the treatment of cancer through changing it from organ-based to using molecular profiling technology with associated biomarkers. In this review, we discuss the uses and applications of molecular profiling technologies such as next-generation sequencing (NGS), liquid biopsies, and multi-omics in the process of profiling cancer tumors and their associated molecular changes. This review aims to present the use of molecular profiling technologies in precision cancer care by enabling accurate diagnosis, biomarker discovery, target therapy selection, and resistance and progression monitoring of cancer therapies. We also discuss the limitations in the application of these technologies in clinical practice due to problems such as proper analysis of the data, standardization, availability, and cost. Molecular tumor boards and knowledge banks will be covered under molecular profiling technology in facilitating clinical decisions. The new developments in molecular technologies, which include those targeting single cell and spatial omics, along with the employment of AI-based analyses and adaptive trials, are described as useful instruments for improving stratification and treatment personalization. Lastly, the review describes the key obstacles that need to be overcome in order to allow wider application of precision oncology in global oncology practice.
Imran khan Yousafzai, Khadija Tariq, Noor Fatima et al.· Journal of Cancer Biomolecul...· 0 citations
Globally, there has been considerable interest in the environmentally benign production of transition-metal nanoparticles. This study describes the synthesis of ZnO and Ag-doped ZnO nanoparticles using the leaf extract of Leucophyllum frutescens via a simple green method. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). TEM analysis showed that the crystallites were spherical and polyhedral, highly agglomerated, and had interplanar diameters ranging from 0.2005 to 0.2625 nm. The antimicrobial efficacy of the developed ZnO and Ag/ZnO nanoparticles at concentrations of 3%, 5%, and 7% was evaluated against human pathogens, including Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, and Escherichia coli. The synthesized ZnO and Ag-doped ZnO nanoparticles showed a characteristic absorption band in the UV region, confirming successful formation of ZnO-based semiconductor nanostructures and supporting their antibacterial activity against the tested pathogens. The results revealed that at 7% Ag-doping, Ag-doped ZnO nanoparticles exhibited greater antibacterial efficacy than pure ZnO nanoparticles, with the largest inhibition zones observed against S. aureus (11 ± 3.0 mm) and B. cereus (12.45 ± 0.57 mm). Overall, this plant-mediated synthesis of Ag-doped ZnO nanoparticles offers a promising route for developing enhanced antibacterial agents and highlights a green, cost-effective, and sustainable method for producing ZnO and Ag-doped ZnO nanoparticles, with various applications for future exploration.
Asma Umer, Hira Hameed, Muhammad T. Sarwar et al.· One Health Microbiology &...· 0 citations