Beyond Structure-Driven Tuning: Cost-Aligned Graph Optimization for Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search
PIGR (Post-hoc Iterative Graph Refinement), a trace-driven framework that explicitly aligns efficiency with observed search behavior, is introduced, which delivers 1.3x-2.5x speedups at near-exact recall across diverse datasets and index families, consistently outperforming the best build-time tuned baselines.