Language models (LMs) often hallucinate by committing to confident answers rather than abstaining, even when they do not have enough information to answer reliably. A large body of existing work mitigates hallucination through detection or abstention mechanisms, but leaves open how models internally arrive at the decis...
Vy Nguyen, Zi-Qi Xu, Jeffrey Chan et al.· 0 citations
A Causal Front Door Prompting framework (CFDP) is proposed that reduces demographic influence by intervening on the chain of thought reasoning, which is treated as an observable mediator and consistently improves fairness metrics without sacrificing QA accuracy.
Ya-Qi Yang, Zi-Qi Xu, Jie Li et al.· Annual International ACM SIG...· 1 citation
Causal Abstraction Learning for Multi-Modal Grounded Planning (CALM) is proposed, a framework that enhances planning agents with the ability to discover and exploit causal regularities across tasks.
Xin-Shu Li, Shiyi Yang, Zi-Qi Xu et al.· Proceedings of the 32nd ACM...· 0 citations
Self-supervised Causal Effects Estimation is proposed, a novel framework that integrates causal priors with self-supervised learning to construct balanced and predictive representations for causal effects estimation that consistently outperforms state-of-the-art methods.
Xin-Shu Li, Shiyi Yang, Venus Haghighi et al.· ACM Transactions on Intellig...· 0 citations
Recent advances in multimodal embodied agents have enabled long-horizon planning in visually rich environments via natural language. Yet, their generalization remains brittle when task instructions deviate from familiar examples, exposing a reliance on surface imitation rather than structural understanding. We propose...
Xinshu Li, Shiyi Yang, Ziqi Xu et al.· Proceedings of the 32nd ACM...· 0 citations
LLM-generated search queries are widely used to augment IR evaluation, yet they may contain concepts that presuppose answer-side document knowledge, violating the information-access boundary of pre-search users. Existing validation metrics, including overlap, diversity, and effectiveness, cannot distinguish rare human-...
Chenglong Ma, Xinye Wanyan, Danula Hettiachchi et al.· 0 citations
Twin Worlds (TW), a framework for improving reliability in knowledge-intensive reasoning through equivariance-based abstention, is proposed, which identifies when answers are not reliably grounded in the provided evidence and outperforms uncertainty- and sufficiency-based baselines.
Vy Nguyen, Zi-Qi Xu, Jeffrey Chan et al.· 1 citation
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