A differential positioning method based on 5G and BeiDou satellites in complex environments
Signal obstruction in complex environments hinders receivers from acquiring sufficient and effective satellite signals, thus limiting positioning accuracy, stability, and availability. Based on the latest advances in satellite navigation and 5G communication technologies, this paper systematically investigates the theoretical approach to integrated positioning using the BeiDou System (BDS) and 5G. A seamless BDS+5G combined positioning method for complex urban environments is proposed. First, the mode switching conditions are determined by deeply integrating BeiDou and 5G observation information. Second, multidimensional parameters such as satellite elevation angle and CNR are comprehensively utilized to identify objects in complex obstructed environments. Finally, a dual-threshold discrimination mechanism is introduced to enhance the adaptability and robustness of positioning under varying signal conditions. The proposed model outperforms traditional BDS+5G combined models in dynamic obstruction. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed model fully leverages the complementary characteristics of BeiDou and 5G in both outdoor obstruction and indoor-outdoor transition scenarios, achieving positioning accuracy of 1m horizontally and 2m vertically, significantly improving positioning accuracy and consistency.