Autophagy-related responses in Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas exposed to phenanthrene: Association with a putative E3 ubiquitin ligase-NF-κB regulatory axis.
Phenanthrene (PHE) is a common marine pollutant, but whether it induces autophagy-related responses in bivalves and how such responses contribute to cellular adaptation under pollutant stress remain incompletely understood. Here, using multimodal imaging, ultrastructural analysis, proteomics, and gene-expression assays...