Given a relational database (RDB) storing heterogeneous tabular information, how can we predict missing (or future) values in some target column of interest? As candidate targets are numerous in enterprise settings, it is preferable to avoid learning a new model from scratch each time there is a new prediction task. Fr...
Lin-Jie Xu, Yi-Qun Hu, Ji-Xiang He et al.· 0 citations
We introduce a reusable evaluation artifact for diagnosing whether LLM self-reported confidence can support confidence-gated act-or-defer decisions. The artifact is designed for evaluation rather than safety certification: it provides a black-box protocol, prompts, judge-reference labels, model outputs, reproduction sc...
Large language model (LLM) agents can autonomously run neuroimaging analyses from research questions to reported findings. Existing agentic systems use tools to check that code runs and reported values match its output, but rely on LLM judgment to decide which results warrant scientific reporting. We show that LLM judg...
Yuxiang Wei, Lijing Zhu, Qizhen Lan et al.· 0 citations
Diffusion models and more recently Flow models have widespread application. In this work we consider degenerate Diffusion models in which the per-step generator is deterministic. We construct a modified variational framework and show a formal equivalence between Flow models and Degenerate Diffusion models. For our disc...
Rares Dolga, Harshad Dahake, David Barber· 0 citations
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Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to simulate human behavior, but which descriptions of people improve prediction when experimental designs change remains unclear. We develop a framework that draws candidate behavioral features from the literature and constructs profiles from earlier human experiments....
Robin Na, Kehang Zhu, Logan Cross et al.· 0 citations
Using large language models to interpret experimental evidence, design discriminating experiments and formulate well-supported mechanistic explanations remains a central challenge in materials research. Here we establish PSM-Bench, an 800-question benchmark developed by perovskite researchers to evaluate scientific rea...
YanKai Chen, Zhi Wan, ZiHao Li et al.· 0 citations
On-policy self-distillation (OPSD) supervises student-generated trajectories with a reference-conditioned version of the same base model. We ask whether every trajectory supplies distinct supervision that warrants its distillation cost. Gradient measurements on Qwen3-1.7B at initialization reveal that correct and incor...
Harrison Zhao, Lei Huang, Zhi-Yuan Zhao et al.· 0 citations
Personal AI agents consume external content such as web pages and SNS feeds, and retain selected information in persistent memory. As a result, external content has become a new attack vector for memory poisoning, which steers an agent's later actions toward an adversary's bias. However, most existing attacks embed a m...
Minjae Seo, Wonwoo Choi, Geonwoo Han et al.· 0 citations
With the unprecedented success of Language Models (LMs), the science of Prompt Engineering has evolved the powerful idea of Prompt Programming, where prompts are treated as a programmable control surface for describing complex tasks and leveraging LM capabilities. However, existing prompt programming frameworks suffer...
Medical large language models and agents show strong single-encounter question answering and evidence interpretation but struggle to accumulate and govern experience across encounters. We present HealthJev, an open-source agent separating shared safety rules and medical knowledge from a private longitudinal memory and...
Haoran Li, Jiebi Deng, Tong Jin et al.· 0 citations
Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) can listen and see, but how do audio and visual signals actually travel through the network to shape an answer? Despite their growing role in research and real-world applications, the internal pathways through which audio and visual tokens influence the final prediction remain p...
Wish Suharitdamrong, Muhammad Awais, Xiatian Zhu et al.· 0 citations
Optimization modeling translates real decision-making problems into mathematical optimization models and solver-executable implementations. Although language models are increasingly used to generate optimization formulations and solver code, existing benchmarks for this capability are almost entirely text-only. This om...
Zhong Li, Qi Huang, Yuxuan Zhu et al.· 0 citations