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3,686 papers

#machine learning Preprint Open access Sep 2026

LOCO-AdaMP: Built-in LOCO Inference for Adaptive Minipatch Ensembles with Enhanced Prediction

As black-box machine learning models become increasingly common, extracting interpretations with uncertainty quantification has become a critical challenge. One popular type of interpretation is leave-one-covariate-out (LOCO) feature importance, while prior LOCO inference methods often require data-splitting or model-r...

Yinan Cheng, Lili Zheng · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

Finite-Sample Theory for Fitted Q-Iteration When Actions Are Functions

Offline reinforcement learning seeks optimal decision rules from previously collected data. In some applications, a decision can be an entire function, such as a fluence map in radiation therapy or a smooth movement trajectory in robotics. In this paper, we study the finite-sample theory for fitted Q-iteration (FQI) wi...

Ge-Fei Lin, Rui Miao, Xiao-Ke Zhang · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

One-Step Next-Latent Prediction Is Not a World Model

Next-latent prediction fits a map from the current embedding to the next one. LeNEPA carries this objective to time series, replacing the stop-gradient of next-embedding prediction with the isotropy penalty of LeJEPA. A world model is a transition kernel that can be rolled out. The one-step regression identifies a cond...

Shi-Tong Wang, Zhongang Cai, Yu Hong · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

Wasserstein Causal Forests for Distribution-Valued Outcomes

This paper proposes Wasserstein Causal Forests (WCF) for settings in which each unit's outcome is itself a probability distribution. This study also defines finite-grid transformed average and conditional average treatment effects, including a reference-distance contrast that asks whether treatment moves unit-level dis...

H. G. Souto · 0 citations

Traversing the solution space of neural networks with Hessian Null Space Continuation

On a single task, deep neural networks can learn a wide range of solutions, depending on their optimizer, training data, architecture, and hyperparameters. Many of these solutions are surprisingly mode-connected: rather than isolated points in the weight space, they are connected by low loss regions. Despite this obser...

Ann C. Huang, Mitchell Ostrow, Zhou-Yang Lu et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

When do data mixtures improve scaling laws? Insights from high-dimensional regression

Modern machine learning systems are trained on mixtures of data from different domains, and choosing the right mixture can substantially improve downstream performance. Despite an extensive literature on data mixing and reweighting, existing work is largely empirical and it remains unclear when auxiliary data genuinely...

Di-Yuan Wu, Le-Han Chen, Theodor Misiakiewicz et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

Search Dimension in Unlabeled Projection Pursuit: A Scaling Law for Subspace Restriction

Projection pursuit searches for a direction along which the data look least Gaussian. When the observation space contains a large Gaussian complement, the empirical objective can be minimized by a direction that carries no signal, with empirical kurtosis as low as at the truth. Sample splitting exposes rather than repa...

Rares Grozavescu, M. Girolami · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

Counterfactual Probing for Parallel Unmasking with Hidden Forest Structure

This work considers discrete distributions with hidden forest structure, accessed through a fixed approximate conditional oracle, and studies whether total evaluations, including discovery, can be sublinear in sequence length $N; sublinear sequential depth then follows.

Ryotaro Kawata, Satoshi Hayakawa, Taiji Suzuki · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

Physical Muon: Orthogonalization as an Equilibrium Computation

Physical neural networks and analog in-memory computing could reduce the energy cost of neural network training. Realizing this potential, however, requires optimizers that combine effective learning with physical implementability. SGD fits local analog updates but struggles on transformers, while Adam family is unstab...

Yuren Hao · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

Probability Contracts: Accuracy, Coherence, and Decisions Across LLM Interfaces

This work introduces probability contracts, a benchmark that connects exact finite-world posteriors, validated event alignment, interface coherence, and failure-aware decision evaluation, and explains averaging's expected Brier guarantee relative to random interface selection, but not a decision-loss guarantee at each...

Han-Xiu Chen, Ying-Rui Li · 4 citations
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

High-Dimensional Simulation-Based Inference in Latent Spaces

Neural simulation-based inference (SBI) has been widely successful in inferring a relatively small number of interpretable parameters from potentially high-dimensional observations, such as images or time series. Accordingly, representation learning in SBI has focused almost exclusively on compressing the observations...

Lars Kuhmichel, Stefan T. Radev, B. Koppolu et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

Interacting particle guidance for sampling reward-tilted generative priors

Inference-time steering adapts pretrained diffusion and flow-based models to new tasks, e.g., to generate samples from a conditional distribution or samples with desired properties, without retraining. This can be formalized as sampling from a reward-tilted generative prior. As exact sampling from this distribution is...

Adhithyan Kalaivanan, Zheng Zhao, Jens Sjölund et al. · 0 citations

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GPT-Lab Nov 3, 2026

Sovereignty Is the Option to Leave

Is your company’s AI sovereign? A practical guide for CIOs on AI vendor lock-in, EU Data Act switching, cloud sovereignty, and testing your exit plan before you need it. The post Sovereignty Is the Option to Leave appeared first on GPT-Lab.

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