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440 papers
This article explains how ontology-based semantic layers work and advocates for their use as versatile enterprise tools. They add shared meaning, context, and governance to data, improving integration, analytics, oversight, and AI reliability across organizational systems.
Transformasi digital layanan publik melalui aplikasi M-Paspor menghadapi tantangan signifikan terkait stabilitas sistem dan kepuasan pengguna. Melalui pendekatan Explainable AI, metode SHAP diimplementasikan untuk membongkar mekanisme internal algoritma XGBoost, untuk mengidentifikasi kontributor utama sentimen negatif secara visual dan terukur. Berdasarkan hasil algoritma XGBoost dengan akurasi 92%, melalui pendekatan XAI dengan metode SHAP. Penelitian ini mengintegrasikan model XGBoost dengan metode SHAP yang menghasilkan identifikasi kuantitatif fitur dominan. Kata positif yaitu “lancar” (1,80), “mantap” (1,22), “membantu” (1,02) serta kata negatif “lambat” (-0,77), “mempersulit” (-0,73), “buruk” (-0,43), yang mengindikasikan adanya kendala pada sistem verifikasi dan alur antarmuka. Temuan ini selanjutnya diformulasikan ke dalam kerangka kerja strategis yang merekomendasikan prioritas perbaikan pada aspek kecepatan respons sistem, penyederhanaan prosedur, dan stabilitas teknis, yang terbukti sebagai pemicu utama sentimen negatif pada nilai SHAP: lambat = -0,77, mempersulit = -0,73, buruk = -0,43, sehingga instansi dapat meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan publik digital secara lebih terarah dan berorientasi pada pengguna.
A conceptual Autonomous Enterprise Platform based on continuous AI-guided decision loops integrating enterprise sensing, contextual intelligence, predictive analytics, decision intelligence, prescriptive policies, autonomous execution, learning, and governance is proposed.
The findings indicate the feasibility of the BERT model as an initial, human-in-the-loop screening stage for ethical data governance in the public sector.
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KORA proposes the concept of Data Space Lite: lightweight semantic infrastructures based on W3C standards and Data Spaces principles for rapidly deploying reusable interoperability layers in GovTech environments.
InureFusionNet is proposed, a hybrid explainable structured ensemble framework integrating heterogeneous models of deep feature learning, uncertainty-aware prediction, interpretable boosting mechanisms, and high-performance gradient- boosting classifiers through a fusion strategy for robust health insurance claim approval classification.
The findings reveal that service quality positively affected AI source credibility, brand trust, and purchase intention, and suggest that trust in AI systems can be transferred to brand trust.
The next generation of mobile networks is envisioned as fully AI-native, with AI-RAN architectures embedding small language models (SLMs) to perform reasoning over real-time telemetry. The state-of-the-art training paradigms for telecom LLMs, exemplified by RANSTRUCT-style supervised fine-tuning (SFT) on curated instruction data, are limited to post hoc rationalization. Here, the explanations, when produced at all, are generated after or independently of the decision, leaving the decision process unauditable. Pre-hoc reasoning, where a causal reasoning trace is produced before the output label, is preferable, and the broader LLM reasoning literature has made real progress toward it via RL methods such as Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO). Here we observe that transplanting this recipe into the telecom setting runs into a cold-start barrier: SLMs either learn to output the desired format or learn to predict the label, but rarely both. We identify this barrier and propose CRAFT, which stands for Cold-start Reasoning Alignment via Fine-Tuning, a data-centric method to autonomously generate a verified dataset of (input, trace, label) triplets. CRAFT fine-tunes SLMs on this verified data using low-rank adaptation (LoRA), requiring substantially less compute and wall-clock time than GRPO-based methods. On the TRACTOR and IC xApp telecom datasets, CRAFT achieves up to 86.5% and 94.6% for accuracy and F1 with no parse failures, while direct GRPO and SFT+GRPO fail to exceed 28% and 53.5% F1 with multiple parse failures. We further show that CRAFT-initialized policies serve as a robust foundation for subsequent GRPO fine-tuning, as under diverse reward functions the performance remains consistent with no parse failures. Finally, we demonstrate that CRAFT consumes 59% less energy than GRPO-based baselines, making it a sustainable path to deployable, auditable AI in 6G RAN.
Machine learning systems deployed for credit, hiring, and resource distribution are increasingly subject to regulatory oversight from policies such as the EU AI Act and GDPR. Current fairness governance practices rely on observational fairness metrics, post-hoc explainability, and immutable audit logs, but provide limited support for causal attribution and efficient evidentiary verification. We introduce Causal Evidentiary Governance (CEG), a framework in which regulated institutions commit to a versioned directed acyclic graph (DAG) that partitions causal pathways into allowable and disallowed groups. The Causal Harm Rate measures prediction variation attributable to disallowed causal pathways. Each decision is accompanied by a signed Decision-Evidence Packet (DEP), cryptographically binding the prediction to a digest of the published DAG and path-specific attributions. DEP digests can be appended to a Merkle tree to enable logarithmic-cost inclusion proofs. We validate CEG through a two-layer empirical methodology using demographic summaries from four years of PMA credit supervisory data to construct 10,000 synthetic credit applicants across four strategic DAG counterfactuals. Causal Harm Rate isolates injected causal effects more clearly than demographic parity or equalized odds. Cross-model validation and ablation studies assess robustness. Evaluation on the German Credit dataset shows that harm associated with specific causal pathways can be substantially understated by associational fairness metrics. Finally, a proof-of-concept implementation demonstrates operationally plausible throughput and highlights relevant performance tradeoffs.
As far-right actors increasingly exploit online platforms to disseminate ideology and mobilize supporters, civil society organizations (CSOs) play a vital yet underrecognized role in monitoring antidemocratic dynamics online. Unlike fact-checkers or content moderators, CSOs engage in long-term, contextualized analysis, often in resource-constrained settings and under precarious conditions. Despite their critical societal role, CSOs face significant barriers to adopting or co-developing technical solutions, including legal uncertainty, limited platform access, and chronic underfunding. Existing research and tool development efforts have largely overlooked these actors in favor of more institutionally embedded stakeholders. This paper addresses this gap through a qualitative study with 15 practitioners from 12 Germany-based CSOs engaged in online monitoring, positioning them as key yet overlooked stakeholders in the governance of digital spaces. We explore their current practices, challenges, and expectations regarding technological support. Our findings show that monitoring remains largely manual due to the lack of tailored tools, with enhanced search capabilities emerging as the most pressing technical need. While participants express openness to AI-supported features such as media processing and content discovery, many remain skeptical of automated classification, citing concerns around trust, legal usability, and professional credibility. Grounded in these findings, we introduce a conceptual monitoring workflow and describe its implementation in an open-source Telegram monitoring prototype designed to flexibly support diverse monitoring goals. We outline concrete design, policy, and research recommendatios, and introduce the manual labor trap as an empirically grounded concept that explains why monitoring CSOs tend to remain locked into labor-intensive, low-capacity arrangements.
Enterprise artificial intelligence is increasingly embedded in decisions that must remain lawful, explainable, adaptable, and accountable despite personnel turnover, model replacement, regulatory change, and shifting organizational incentives. Existing governance frameworks provide important principles but do not by themselves supply a compact mathematical language for evaluating whether an institution can preserve sound judgment over time. This paper develops a design-science framework for institutional legacy: the durable capacity of a decision system to continue producing beneficial, lawful, explainable, and adaptable outcomes after its original designers have stepped away. The framework contributes: (i) a normalized Legacy Score based on a penalized geometric mean of knowledge retention, governance, human oversight, adaptability, feedback learning, and jurisdictional fidelity; (ii) Decision Confidence and Decision Risk models separating evidentiary confidence from consequence; (iii) authority-aware retrieval and calibrated abstention; (iv) Decision Memory for governed organizational learning; (v) Regulatory Change Velocity mapping change exposure to review intervals; and (vi) a federated regulatory knowledge-graph architecture preserving provenance and legal hierarchy. The paper also proposes eight AI Decision Integrity Rules, an evaluation protocol, and a reproducible computational demonstration. The demonstration combines a deterministic stress test with 200 Monte Carlo replications of 10,000 synthetic decisions each, illustrating Legacy Score non-compensation and comparing consequence- and authority-aware routing with a matched-coverage confidence-only baseline. The contribution remains conceptual rather than field-validated; the simulation tests internal behavior, not production performance, and all parameters require context-specific calibration.
A fundamental challenge in artificial intelligence is the transformation of observations into explicit symbolic representations suitable for abstraction, interpretation, and reasoning. While modern AI systems achieve remarkable perceptual capabilities through large-scale statistical learning, the resulting knowledge is typically encoded within latent parameters that are difficult to inspect or manipulate analytically. Inspired by Neuro-Symbolic AI and theories of human abstraction, this paper investigates the formation of symbolic mathematical representations from geometric observations. We propose NeuSOGA (Neuro-Symbolic Geometric Abstraction), a framework that progressively transforms observations into topological abstractions, geometric abstractions, and ultimately symbolic mathematical representations. The architecture combines topology-guided structural discovery using Euclidean Distance Transforms, foundation-model perception using Segment Anything, adaptive multi-scale geometric abstraction, and symbolic synthesis through Implicit Area Splines. The resulting representation is an analytical implicit model supporting arbitrary-order smoothness, additive composition, and closed-form evaluation. Unlike neural latent encodings, the generated representation remains interpretable, editable, and mathematically explicit. Experiments on ModelNet40 point clouds, arbitrary-view projections, and segmented optical observations demonstrate that NeuSOGA transforms diverse observations into compact symbolic representations while preserving essential geometric and topological structure across sensing modalities and viewing directions. NeuSOGA provides an interpretable and explainable pathway from observation to symbol and establishes
MIT affiliates engage with the MIT-IBM Computing Research Lab to bring rigorous theory to production systems.
A new method, called CW-Net, translates the reasoning process of an autonomous vehicle’s AI system into understandable concepts that explain its behavior.
Earth AI
Piloting the world's first double-blind AI evaluations
