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large language models

2,479 papers

#artificial intelligence Open access Oct 2026

AI CLOSED-LOOP QUANTUM-NANO FABRICATION AND VERIFICATION AT THE LIMIT Physical Observation × Bounded Decision × Verified Closure This research monograph develops an exploratory engineering architecture for the use of artificial intelligence in nanofabrication workflows where physical evidence, authorization, quality verification, and recovery must remain distinct. Its fundamental claim is modest but consequential: a model-generated recipe proposal should not become an executable manufacturing instruction merely because an optimization objective improved. Every proposed intervention requires a declared physical operating domain, a traceable observation chain, explicit authority, resource and risk bounds, independent verification, and a recoverable failure pathway.

AI CLOSED-LOOP QUANTUM-NANO FABRICATION AND VERIFICATION AT THE LIMITPhysical Observation × Bounded Decision × Verified Closure This research monograph develops an exploratory engineering architecture for the use of artificial intelligence in nanofabrication workflows where physical evidence, authorization, quality ver...

33 · 0 citations
#large language models Open access Oct 2026

AI-Enabled Human Memory Manipulation: Misleading AI-Generated Summaries Distort Human Memory

AI-generated summaries and reports are increasingly used in high-stakes settings, like policing, despite considerable evidence that AI often generates misleading or inaccurate information. This research asked: do errors in AI-generated summaries distort human memory? To answer this question, we adopted two methodologic...

Mattea Sim, Yael Eiger, Tadayoshi Kohno · 0 citations
#large language models Open access Oct 2026

Characterizing Agentic Flooding of Government Services

AI agents are making it easier for the public to interact with government, such as by helping them apply for benefits, understand complex policies, and make their opinions heard. Although improving service accessibility is beneficial, any resulting surges in demand could strain unprepared government services. We term s...

Chris Schmitz, Lewis Hammond, Alan Chan · 0 citations
#large language models Open access Oct 2026

Why Do AI Agents Break Rules? How Framing, Context, and Social Signals Shape Compliance

Specifying a penalty can turn a legal obligation into a cost-benefit calculation that favors violation. We show that this enforcement information paradox occurs in AI agents. Most AI safety evaluations test whether models fail; we ask why, using compliance theory from law and economics as a diagnostic. We evaluate twel...

Mika Okamoto, Ansel Kaplan Erol, Kutluhan Erol · 0 citations
#large language models Open access Oct 2026

AI Assistance for Human Review of Default Judgments

Overwhelmed courts in the United States review millions of default judgments each year. Unfortunately, such manual reviews are time-consuming and prone to error. In an audit of 188 debt collection cases granted default judgment by the Superior Court of Los Angeles, we find that 4% contained major defects that should ha...

Theodora Worledge, Othman Bensouda Koraichi, Daniel Bernal et al. · 0 citations
#large language models Open access Oct 2026

Designing for Doubt: The Case for Informed Abstention in Autonomous Agents

As large language models gain tool access and are deployed as autonomous agents capable of editing records, executing transactions, and modifying infrastructure, we still evaluate them based on the sole metric of task completion. We argue that this evaluation focus constitutes a systematic design failure. Benchmark sco...

Victor Ojewale, Suresh Venkatasubramanian · 0 citations
#large language models Open access Oct 2026

On Seeding Watermarks to Detect Verbatim LLM Copy-Paste Responses

Large language models (LLMs) have made fluent essay writing, code drafting, and quiz answering instantly available to students at every level, from secondary school through graduate study. Many educators do not object to LLM use per se; what they need to detect is the case in which a student pastes the assignment promp...

Aizierjiang Aiersilan, Artin Yousefi, Robert Pless · 0 citations
#large language models Open access Oct 2026

Making Large Language Models More Flexible to Changing Contingencies through Tracking Induction

Abstract Recent research has shown that large language models (LLMs) exhibit rule-based insensitivity to contingencies, a functional analog of a well-documented phenomenon in human behavior. The present study extended these findings by examining whether tracking inductions can attenuate this insensitivity. Six frontier...

Francisco J. Ruiz, Esmeralda Martínez-Carrillo · 0 citations
#large language models Open access Oct 2026

Examining Risks Through a Characterization of the AI Companion Application Ecosystem: A Stratified Sample from the Apple App Store and Google Play Store

While computer systems that allow users to interact through conversational natural language (i.e., chatbots) have existed for many years, various types of applications advertising AI companionship (e.g., Character AI, Replika) have proliferated in recent years due to advancements in large language models. To better und...

Natalie Grace Brigham, Lucy Qin, Tadayoshi Kohno · 0 citations
#large language models Open access Oct 2026

RCTs & Human Uplift Studies: Methodological Challenges and Practical Solutions for Frontier AI Evaluation

Human uplift studies, or studies that measure the effects of AI access on human performance via randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or similar methodologies, increasingly inform frontier AI governance and deployment decisions. While RCT methods are robust in other fields, their interaction with the distinctive properti...

Patricia Paskov, Kevin Wei, Shen Zhou Hong et al. · 0 citations
#large language models Open access Oct 2026

Bounty Hunter: Autonomous, Comprehensive Emulation of Multi-Faceted Adversaries

Adversary emulation is an essential procedure for cybersecurity assessments such as evaluating an organization’s security posture or facilitating structured training and research in dedicated environments. To allow for systematic and time-efficient assessments, several approaches from academia and industry have worked...

Louis Hackländer-Jansen, Rafael Uetz, Martin Henze · 0 citations
#large language models Open access Oct 2026

Measuring and Mitigating (Over)reliance to Build Human-Compatible AI

Large language models (LLMs) differ from previous technologies in functioning as collaborative "thought partners'' that can engage fluidly in natural language across a range of tasks and increasingly act as autonomous agents on users' behalf. As they come to shape consequential decisions from healthcare to personal adv...

Lujain Ibrahim, Katherine M. Collins, Sunnie S. Y. Kim et al. · 4 citations

From tech blogs

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MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 23, 2026

Q&A: How AI came to model the “messy” human mind

Assistant Professor Benjamin Lindquist studies how engineers deliberately injected randomness into early AI, giving rise to deep-learning models that sometimes hallucinate.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 22, 2026

Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations

Flint-interactive gives AI agents a language for creating interactive visualizations. Click a chart, filter data, highlight related content, and explore beyond the view the author originally chose. The post Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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