Transformers have become the dominant architecture for large language models, largely due to the scalability and flexibility of attention, feed-forward layers, residual connections, and normalization. This paper introduces dynamic short convolutions as an additional neural network primitive for improving Transformers....
Oliver Sieberling, Bharat Runwal, Rameswar Panda et al.· 0 citations
Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) is widely used to improve the reasoning capability of language models, since model-generated answers can be easily verified by a rule-based verifier. In contrast, reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) is mainly used to optimize open-ended conversation wi...
Shangjian Yin, Yu Fu, Yue Dong et al.· 0 citations
Recent methods for improving LLM mathematical reasoning, whether through MCTS-based test-time search or causal graph-guided knowledge injection, cannot identify which concepts causally contribute to a correct answer, as the observed association may be spurious, driven by confounders such as problem difficulty.
We pro...
Weight matrices in deep networks exhibit geometric continuity---principal singular vectors of adjacent layers point in similar directions. While this property has been widely observed, its origin remains unexplained. Through experiments on toy MLPs and small transformers, we identify two mechanisms: residual connection...
Recent Transformer architectures expose later layers to representations computed in earlier layers, motivated by the observation that low-level features can become harder to recover as the residual stream is transformed through depth. One such method adds static value residuals: learned mixing coefficients that expose...
Skye Gunasekaran, T\'ea Wright, Rui-Jie Zhu et al.· 0 citations
Model compression is necessary for deployment of transformer models in resource-constrained environments. However, compression reduces the performance of transformer models on downstream tasks. Existing solutions such as Knowledge Distillation (KD) and Parameter Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) have their own limitations....
Rohit Raj Rai, Abhishek Dhaka, Amit Awekar· 0 citations
Large language models (LLMs) increasingly rely on external knowledge to improve factuality, yet many knowledge sources on the Web, such as scholarly indexes and product catalogs, are organized as heterogeneous graphs. Reasoning over such graph-structured knowledge poses two key challenges: (1) navigating structured, sc...
Yuyang Bai, Zhuofeng Li, Ping Nie et al.· 0 citations
Efficient key-value (KV) cache management is crucial for the practical deployment of large language models (LLMs), yet existing compression techniques often incur a trade-off between performance degradation and computational overhead. We propose a novel gating-based KV cache eviction method for frozen-weight LLMs that...
Jang-Hyun Kim, Dongyoon Han, Sangdoo Yun· 0 citations
Scientific discovery requires new ideas to be situated within an ever-expanding landscape of existing knowledge. An emerging challenge is how to identify conceptually relevant prior work from rapidly growing literature, and assess how a new idea differentiates from existing research. Current embedding approaches typica...
Minqian Liu, Yuexi Shen, Dawei Zhou et al.· 0 citations
Large language models (LLMs) can improve through reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR), but many settings lack reference answers or external verifiers. Label-free self-improvement instead constructs training signals from the model's own outputs. Because the same policy generates both the candidate respo...
Yujun Zhou, Zhenwen Liang, Haolin Liu et al.· 0 citations
A prompt is an instruction or description provided by the user to guide a generative language model toward outputs that meet application requirements. When these requirements change, existing prompts may need to be adapted and improved. Evaluating candidate prompts requires time and computational resources. We therefor...
Haoting Zhang, Jinghai He, Rhonda Righter et al.· 0 citations
Recent optimization studies on Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) have exploited chunk-level KV cache reuse to avoid processing long retrieved contexts for higher efficiency, while significant information redundancy and noise still remain in the coarse-grained chunks. This paper optimizes the Pareto frontier under lo...
A machine-learning approach called CheMeleon provides a practical way to develop new drugs or other molecules with much less detailed, expensive experimentation.
Research Manager Mike Walker reflects on a career spanning hacker culture, cybersecurity, and AI, sharing lessons about trust, teamwork, leadership, and why solving difficult problems requires curiosity, judgment, agility—and an understanding of the rules. The post Learn the rules: The hacker mindset appeared first on Microsoft Research.
Learn how Google Antigravity and our Cheminformatics Skills accelerate drug discovery workflows, search compounds, and propose novel rigidified macrocycles.
MIT News · Artificial Intelligence· news.mit.eduOct 28, 2026
Professor Paris Smaragdis develops computers with superhuman hearing for applications like speech recognition, music understanding, and environmental monitoring.
MIT News · Artificial Intelligence· news.mit.eduOct 27, 2026
Prabha Jha used her experience with MIT Open Learning’s program for senior executives to develop AI solutions for her employer, Verizon, and to write a book.
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