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17,191 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Explaining Chess and Go in Natural Language

Modern chess engines play far beyond human ability, often choosing moves whose underlying ideas are difficult for humans to understand. We propose an automatic metric for evaluating chess explanations, grounded in chess-engine evaluations. Evaluating state-of-the-art language models using this metric, we find that they...

Ori Press, Alexander Golubev · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

CIIR - Class-Indexed Interface Representation Learning

Multimodal learning commonly assumes paired or synchronized observations, yet independently collected datasets rarely provide such correspondence. We introduce CIIR, a modular encoder--decoder framework that connects heterogeneous datasets through a class-indexed address space while preserving each dataset's native inp...

Doo Yon Kim, Christian Wallraven · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Information-Geometric Blind Spots of Conformal Test Martingales

Conformal test martingales (CTMs) are e-processes for sequentially testing exchangeability via p-values produced by a conformity function $A$. However, any distribution shift that preserves the push-forward $P\circ A^{-1}$ leaves the p-value distribution invariant, rendering it invisible to every CTM based on $A$. We f...

Johan Hallberg Szabadváry · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Unifying Embodied Foundation Models via a Model-to-Policy Formulation

Vision-language-action (VLA) models and world-action models (WAMs) have emerged as promising approaches to robot learning and control. These models integrate multimodal perception and action generation, but differ in their architectures, output representations, and learning objectives. In this paper, we present a unifi...

Xinyi Hong, Mingyang Ren · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

DIFFLET: A Fast Inference Engine for Diffusion Transformer Models on AWS Trainium

On AWS Trainium2, every component of a diffusion model runs as a program compiled ahead of time for fixed shapes, while pipelines differ across models, prompt lengths across requests, and caching decisions across denoising steps. We present Difflet, a serving engine in which five model pipelines share one compilation b...

Bin Ma, Min Yu, Vijay Kodamalla et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Distinguishability and Recovery for a Doubly Sparse Spiked Wigner Model

We study distinguishability and recovery of a sparse rank-one signal in a spiked Wigner model with independently sparse noise through a variety of algorithms and parameter regimes. The signal and noise have separate sparsity parameters, while the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) remains of constant order as the matrix size...

Ioana Dumitriu, JD Flynn, Zhichao Wang · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Controlling the Diversity-Quality Trade-Off of LLMs by Merging Models Before and After Alignment

Alignment is known to change the output characteristics of large language models (LLMs). Base models tend to generate more diverse outputs, whereas aligned models tend to produce higher-quality outputs. The appropriate balance between the two depends on the task. Existing methods either require costly fine-tuning or, l...

Yasuaki Sumita, Tomoharu Iwata, Toshiyuki Tanaka · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

PersonaCUABench: Benchmarking Computer-Use Agents Serving Diverse Personas

Computer-use agents (CUAs) are commonly evaluated against fixed task specifications, but users may omit requirements, add constraints, or require approval before consequential actions. Completing the benchmark instruction does not guarantee serving the person who asked. We introduce PersonaCUABench, which holds 74 task...

Haoming Li, Defu Cao, Xu Hu et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

How Murky Before a VLM Knows It Cannot See? Accuracy, Confidence and Abstention on a Physical Visibility Axis

Robustness studies of vision-language models (VLMs) grade degradation on nominal severity scales ("level 1-5") that carry no physical units, and they rarely ask whether a model's confidence follows the loss of visibility. We measure accuracy, internal (token-probability) confidence, verbalized confidence and an explici...

Mochamad Rizal Fauzan, Irgi Surya · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

What Shapes Brain Alignment of Large Language Models during Dialogue? Insights from Language Production and Comprehension

Brain alignment of large language models (LLMs) offers a way to investigate representational similarities between LLMs and the human brain during language processing. While previous studies have mainly focused on passive language comprehension, little is known about such alignment during dialogue, in which speakers eng...

Yuko Nakagi, Yuya Chiba, Yasue Kishino · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Aligning Language Models Towards Counterfactual Invariance

This work develops a policy gradient technique involving a group-level reward function that operates on matched pairs of counterfactual prompts that reduces counterfactual differences while preserving overall response quality and proves that the models continue to adapt appropriately when such sensitive information is...

B. Demir, Emma Shen, Ksheeraj Sai Vepuri et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Many Biases, One Circuit: Post-Training Tunes a Pretrained Cue-Routing Mechanism

Language models often abandon a correct answer when the prompt contains a cue, a hint toward a wrong option such as "I think the answer is B." Sycophancy and related biases show this failure. They are often studied separately and blamed on alignment. We test this view causally, tracing the attention heads behind these...

Prakhar Gupta, Terry Jingchen Zhang, Zhijing Jin · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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Microsoft Research Blog Nov 3, 2026

Learn the rules: The hacker mindset

Research Manager Mike Walker reflects on a career spanning hacker culture, cybersecurity, and AI, sharing lessons about trust, teamwork, leadership, and why solving difficult problems requires curiosity, judgment, agility—and an understanding of the rules. The post Learn the rules: The hacker mindset appeared first on Microsoft Research.

Google DeepMind Blog Nov 3, 2026

Agentic cheminformatics with Google Antigravity

Learn how Google Antigravity and our Cheminformatics Skills accelerate drug discovery workflows, search compounds, and propose novel rigidified macrocycles.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 28, 2026

Making machines that can listen

Professor Paris Smaragdis develops computers with superhuman hearing for applications like speech recognition, music understanding, and environmental monitoring.

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