machine learning

ChargeNet: E(3) Equivariant Graph Attention Network for Atomic Charge Prediction

This work introduces an advanced equivariant graph attention neural network specifically engineered to model long-range atomic electrostatic interactions with high precision, and improves the model's accuracy, generalization, and robustness in complex scenarios.

PepPCBench is a Comprehensive Benchmarking Framework for Protein-Peptide Complex Structure Prediction

PepPCBench enables a robust evaluation of PFNN-based methods and supports their continued development for peptide-protein structure prediction, and highlights the influence of peptide length, conformational flexibility, and training set similarity on prediction accuracy.

CarsiDock-Cov: A deep learning-guided approach for automated covalent docking and screening

CarsiDock-Cov is presented, a new paradigm distinguishing itself as the first deep learning (DL)-guided approach for covalent docking, offering an automated and efficient solution that shows considerable promise for accelerating covalent drug discovery and design.

EpiMII: Integrating Structure and Graph Neural Networks for MHC-II Epitope and Neoantigen Design

MHC-II neoantigens play a critical role in immunotherapy, either as direct effectors or through their influence on CD8+ T cells. However, only a small fraction of tumor DNA mutations qualify as functional neoantigens, and current prediction tools often lack accuracy, leading to the low immunogenicity of predicted neoantigens in vivo. Here, we present EpiMII, a Graph Neural Network model for MHC-II epitope design, which learns from the structural features of epitopes to predict their sequences. To train EpiMII, we constructed a reliable, large dataset containing 142,934 MHC-II epitope structures. This approach achieves a 4.2x improvement over ProteinMPNN, with a sequence recovery rate of 78.0% for known MHC-II epitopes in the Protein Data Bank. As a case study, we designed a neoantigen from hepatocellular carcinoma. All five designed epitopes significantly activated CD4+ T cells in vitro and induced secretion of IFN-γ and TNF-α. Notably, one epitope treatment significantly reduced tumor volume in mice in vivo. EpiMII offers a novel and efficient approach for identifying MHC-II epitopes/neoantigens, potentially contributing to vaccine development.

Q‐GEM: Quantum Chemistry Knowledge Fusion Geometry‐Enhanced Molecular Representation for Property Prediction

The Q‐GEM comprises a GNN embedded with the molecular electronic and complete 3D geometrical structural information as well as several well‐designed multiscale SSL tasks, achieving superior absolute molecular conformation prediction and conformational discrimination.

Effective generation of heavy-atom-free triplet photosensitizers containing multiple intersystem crossing mechanisms based on deep learning

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a clinically approved therapeutic modality that has demonstrated significant potential for cancer treatment, and triplet photosensitizers (PSs) play a key role in its efficacy. Despite deep learning having emerged as a next-generation tool for material discovery, existing methods mainly target a limited subset of triplet PSs, such as thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials, neglecting the critical intersystem crossing (ISC) between the high-lying singlet and triplet states (ΔESnTn). To overcome this limitation, we compiled a comprehensive dataset (∼1.90 × 109) of triplet PSs encompassing various ISC mechanisms. Then, we proposed a novel strategy that incorporates two models: a fragment-based model (Frag-MD) and a character-based model (MD), both integrating a conditional transformer, recurrent neural networks, and reinforcement learning. In silico experiments revealed that the Frag-MD model outperforms the MD model in generating larger conjugated motifs with higher average ring numbers and atom counts; while the MD model generates twice as many unique motifs and excels in novelty and diversity, as evaluated by conditional and MOSES metrics. Therefore, our approach is highly effective for modifying conjugated motifs and designing novel triplet PSs. Notably, the recently reported high-efficiency triplet PSs have been re-identified through ablation experiments using our proposed models, which target ΔESnTn and significantly outperform traditional baselines, achieving a prediction accuracy of 73% versus 4%. Our approach holds the potential to establish a new paradigm for discovering novel PSs applicable in PDT.

Revisiting Protein-Protein Docking: A Systematic Evaluation Framework

A unified benchmarking framework is established that enables systematic evaluation of docking methods across diverse tasks and provides critical insights into the strengths and limitations of current docking strategies, thereby informing future developments in protein-protein docking research.

MetalloDock: Decoding Metalloprotein-Ligand Interactions via Physics-Aware Deep Learning for Metalloprotein Drug Discovery.

Accurate prediction of metalloprotein-ligand interactions is critical for metalloprotein-targeted drug discovery. Conventional docking tools and existing deep learning (DL) models fail to reliably capture metal-ligand interactions, hampering the discovery of potent metalloprotein inhibitors. Here, we propose MetalloDock, the first DL-based docking framework specially designed for metalloprotein targets. By innovatively integrating an autoregressive spatial decoding engine with a physics-constrained geometric generation paradigm, MetalloDock can precisely reconstruct metal coordination geometries and accurately capture metal-ligand interactions, which enhance both the accuracy of metalloprotein-ligand docking and binding affinity prediction. Extensive evaluations on our custom-built benchmark data set demonstrate that MetalloDock outperforms existing methods, including AlphaFold3, in docking success rate and virtual screening performance for metalloprotein targets. In real-world applications, MetalloDock successfully identified multiple novel hit compounds in a virtual screening campaign targeting the prostate-specific membrane antigen. Additionally, it enabled rational drug design for acidic polymerase endonuclease, leading to the discovery of potent inhibitors. These results highlight the broad applicability of MetalloDock in accelerating metalloprotein-targeted drug discovery and provide a standardized framework for future evaluation of metalloprotein-specific docking algorithms.

Computational and AI-Driven Ecosystem for Structure-Based Covalent Drug Discovery.

This Account describes a computational and AI-driven ecosystem for structure-based covalent drug discovery and dives into a suite of cutting-edge, AI-driven computational methods, exploring the potential of deep learning in tasks such as molecular docking, covalent binding site prediction, and lead optimization.

DRHIN: An Integrated and Interactive Web Server for Drug Repositioning

The DRHIN platform provides a code-free portal supporting three key predictive tasks: discovering drug-disease associations, repurposing existing drugs for new indications, and identifying potential therapies for specific diseases, making analyses accessible and reproducible.

Integration of molecular coarse-grained model into geometric representation learning framework for protein-protein complex property prediction

MCGLPPI, a novel geometric representation learning framework that combines graph neural networks (GNNs) with the MARTINI molecular coarse-grained (CG) model to predict overall PPI properties accurately and efficiently, offers an effective and efficient solution for PPI overall property predictions.

A Multi-Modal Deep Learning Framework with Both Sequence and Structure for Tumor Antigens Prediction