A systematic survey and human-coded evidence map of 118 full-text-confirmed RAG defense papers, organized by measured endpoint rather than claimed goal or defense mechanism, and the taxonomy, dataset, coding protocols, and testbed are released to enable comparable, claim-aligned RAG security evaluation.
Peiyang Liu, Xi Wang, Di Liang et al.· 0 citations
A segmentation policy assigns to each byte string at most one segmentation into tokens. Call it finitely verifiable when a finite automaton over marked strings, bytes paired with boundary bits, accepts exactly the policy's own segmentations. The automaton judges a proposed segmentation and need not compute one. The pap...
Decision models return normalized probability distributions over candidate choices, which downstream applications can use to select among choices. Although their providers emphasize the reliability of these probabilities, calibration on tasks with a single correct choice does not establish their reliability when multip...
This work presents ChemBART, a BART-based language model that adopts a reaction-centric pre-training strategy that unifies diverse chemical tasks to facilitate synthesis planning with comprehensive implementation information and highlights the potential of reaction-focused pre-training.
Kenan Karina Li, Yi-Jian Zhang, Jin Wang et al.· 0 citations
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This work introduces an approach to apply Constitutional AI training with domain-specific mental health principles for safe, domain-adapted CAI systems in computational mental health applications.
Chenhan Lyu, Yu-Tong Song, Pengfei Zhang et al.· International Conference on...· 7 citations
Many recent open-weight language models use n-gram embedding tables to improve performance. These tables store learned representations of short token sequences, such as pairs or triples of consecutive tokens, which the model retrieves during processing. However, they can require substantial memory: DeepSeek-V4.1-Flash,...
Multilingual pipelines such as FineWeb2 apply one recipe across a thousand languages, leaving the failure modes of individual languages unanticipated. We use an LLM once, as a corpus debugger rather than a classifier: a tool-using agent explores the corpus through a read-only, budgeted API and compiles each finding int...
Marek \v{S}uppa, Ivan Vykopal, Jaroslav Kop\v{c}an· 0 citations
While monolingual language model (LM) surprisal is widely established as a predictor of reading times, it cannot capture the non-native (L2) reading dynamics that are shaped by the reader's first language (L1). In this work, we investigate whether the cross-lingual transfer within bilingual models aligns with human L1-...
Abderrahmane Issam, Irene E. Winther, Stefan L. Frank· 0 citations
Purpose: To describe an evidence-aware retrieval evaluation protocol for a clinical retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) system over breast lesion management literature, addressing the dependence of retrieval scores on annotation coverage. Methods: An 18-document corpus and an 18-query development benchmark, with one Y...
Miguel Mochizuki Silva, Samuel Ismael, Mateus C. Dias et al.· 0 citations
Knowledge graph-to-text (KG-to-text) generation verbalizes a set of knowledge graph triples into fluent natural language. While fine-tuned encoder-decoder models have long been the standard approach, recent LLMs are becoming increasingly competitive. We benchmark recent LLMs against fine-tuned encoder-decoder models, u...
Priyanka, Renaud Delbru, Souhail Bakkali et al.· 0 citations
Metaphor is a crucial aspect of human cognition. As such, we would like to understand how it is represented in large language models (LLMs) and how it might be controlled. We use mechanistic interpretability techniques to identify causal subspaces in a range of LLMs covering different architectures and sizes. We show t...
Shi-Hui Li, Mette Friis Andersen, Martha Lewis· Proceedings of the 9th Black...· 0 citations
Users increasingly rely on AI systems for extended, multi-turn tasks, yet evidence indicates that LLM-based system performance degrades over prolonged interaction. To evaluate and improve AI assistants in such settings, we need user simulators that faithfully follow complex user intents while exhibiting realistic conve...
Mustafa Omer Gul, Philippe Laban, Tanya Goyal et al.· 0 citations
Flint-interactive gives AI agents a language for creating interactive visualizations. Click a chart, filter data, highlight related content, and explore beyond the view the author originally chose. The post Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations appeared first on Microsoft Research.