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natural language processing

9,568 papers

#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

TurboMamba: Faster Inference, Faster Training, and Better Prediction with Lexical Memory

We introduce TurboMamba, a language-model architecture for faster inference, faster training, and better token prediction. A global Mamba-3 model runs once per completed token block. A small Transformer uses this global context and earlier tokens within the block to predict the next token. Three lightweight additions i...

Hanxin Zhang · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Same Answer, New Box: How Much of RLVR's Out-of-Domain Gain Is Answer Format?

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) is credited with gains beyond the domain its rewards check, such as higher MMLU accuracy after training on mathematics. Such accuracies are usually read out of the model's text by an answer extractor. A model that learns to write its answer where the extractor looks...

Zongye Lyu · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Jul 2026

Amplitude-Only FFN Intervention for Tool-Structured LLM Inference: Method, Gated Evaluation Protocol, and Cross-Model Empirical Results

An inference-time intervention that masks feed-forward network activation coordinates while keeping pretrained weights fixed provides a task-dependent intervention surface, with causal mechanisms, equal-budget advantages, repeated-run uncertainty, and serving cost still open.

Sheng Xu, Zhen Chen, Jun-Hua Wang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Symbolic Mechanistic Data Attribution: Tracing Training Influence to Learned Behavioral Policies

While existing data attribution methods can identify which training examples build specific mechanistic circuits, they cannot explain how training data shapes the behavioral decisions a model learns. We introduce Symbolic Mechanistic Data Attribution (SMDA), a framework that attributes training pairs to the interpretab...

Reza Habibi, Darian Lee, Magy Seif El-Nasr · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

From Signals to Transfer: A Factorised Study of Probe-Based Uncertainty Estimation in Large Language Models

Probe-based uncertainty estimation (UE) has emerged as a prominent approach to detect hallucinations in Large Language Models (LLMs) by learning uncertainty from internal model signals. Yet, recent methods vary simultaneously across feature design, training data construction, and evaluation setting, obscuring what actu...

Ponhvoan Srey, Xiaobao Wu, Cong-Duy Nguyen et al. · 0 citations

Hitting a Moving Target: Test-Time Adaptation for AI Text Detection under Continual Distribution Shift

This work proposes a test-time adaptation (TTA) approach that adapts to distribution shifts by leveraging homogeneity among unlabeled samples observed at inference time and establishes that TTA is a promising framework for AI text detection in the wild.

Ke Ren, Manish Raghavan, Nikhil Garg · 1 citation · ⚡1
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

LLMSurgeon: Diagnosing Data Mixture of Large Language Models

The pretraining data mixture of Large Language Models (LLMs) constitutes their "digital DNA", shaping model behaviors, capabilities, and failure modes. Yet this composition is rarely disclosed, making post-hoc auditing of data combination or provenance difficult. In this work, we formalize Data Mixture Surgery (DMS): g...

Yaxin Luo, Jiacheng Cui, Xiaohan Zhao et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

EmbodiedMidtrain: Bridging the Gap between Vision-Language Models and Vision-Language-Action Models via Mid-training

Vision-Language-Action Models (VLAs) inherit their visual and linguistic capabilities from Vision-Language Models (VLMs), yet most VLAs are built from off-the-shelf VLMs that are not adapted to the embodied domain, limiting their downstream performance. In this work, we propose EmbodiedMidtrain to bridge the gap betwee...

Yiyang Du, Zhanqiu Guo, Haochen Zhang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

From Documents to Spans: Span-Centric Learning for LLM-based Explainable Medical Coding

Medical coding, which assigns standardized ICD codes to clinical documents, is a fundamental yet challenging task in modern healthcare. It requires extensive knowledge of a large code space and the ability to identify and interpret sparse supporting evidence in long, noisy clinical documents. Most existing methods rely...

Xu Zhang, Wenxin Ma, Chenxu Wu et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Learning Not To Interfere: Adapting Experts For Model Merging

Model merging has shown that multitask models can be created by directly combining the parameters of different models that are each specialized on tasks of interest. However, models trained independently on distinct tasks often exhibit interference that degrades the merged model's performance. To solve this problem, we...

Pratik Ramesh, George Stoica, Arun Iyer et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Language Models Struggle to Use Representations Learned In-Context

Though large language models (LLMs) have enabled great success across a wide variety of tasks, they still appear to fall short of one of the loftier goals of artificial intelligence research: creating an artificial system that can adapt its behavior to radically new contexts upon deployment. One important step towards...

Michael A. Lepori, Tal Linzen, Ann Yuan et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

AI Scientists for Building Virtual-Cell Models

Autonomous agents, from virtual laboratories to biological data-analysis agents and co-scientists, have begun to turn scientific goals into hypotheses. Whether they can go further and convert real, noisy and complex biological data into executable model hypotheses and architectures that encode testable assumptions rema...

Xiangru Tang, Jiapeng Chen, Daniel Shao et al. · 0 citations

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 22, 2026

Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations

Flint-interactive gives AI agents a language for creating interactive visualizations. Click a chart, filter data, highlight related content, and explore beyond the view the author originally chose. The post Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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