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natural language processing

3,089 papers

#computer vision Preprint Aug 2026

Deep Thought Alignment: Trajectory-Level Latent Distillation for Video Reasoning

Latent-OPD is proposed, which augments OPD with trajectory-level latent distillation and introduces a progressive teacher-lookahead strategy, which aligns middle-to-late student layers with increasingly deeper teacher layers, establishing Latent-OPD as a highly effective approach to frame-efficient video reasoning.

Aoni Shen, Yongheng Zhang, Yinghui Li et al. · 1 citation
#computer vision Review Aug 2026

REFINE: A Multi-Agent LLM Approach for Evidence-Guided Code Refactoring

This work introduces REFINE (Refactoring with Evidence-aware Flow for Integrated ageNtic Execution), a tool-agnostic, evidence-aware multi-agent approach for generating Java file-level refactoring candidates that achieves a higher median code-smell reduction with smaller edits and fewer public-method removals.

Muhammad Waseem, Aakash Ahmad, Pekka Abrahamsson · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Aug 2026

Reduced Matrix Multiplication: Input-Adaptive Matrix-Product Reduction for LLM Inference

Reduced Matrix Multiplication is proposed, a training-free, input-adaptive inference method that reduces Transformer matrix products by selecting informative slices along their contraction dimensions, without modifying model weights, and it is shown that the same principle extends to multimodal vision-language inference.

Zi-Xuan Lan, Yanhong Li, Jiawei Zhou · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Aug 2026

TCS-BENCH: Benchmarking State-of-the-Art Generative AI Theoretical Computer Science Research Ability

This work introduces TCS-Bench, a benchmark for evaluating Large Language Models (LLMs) on research-level Theoretical Computer Science (TCS) proof generation, and benchmarks the verifier against human-expert proof judgements on a set of target statements and generated proofs pairs.

Vincent Cohen-Addad, Dimitris Paparas, Ernest van Wijland et al. · 1 citation
#machine learning Preprint Jul 2026

EvoCUA-1.5: Online Reinforcement Learning for Multi-turn Computer-Use Agents

EvoCUA-1.5 extends self-evolving computer-use agents from offline experience learning to online reinforcement learning, where policies interact with executable sandbox environments and improve from verifiable task outcomes and provides a practical framework for scaling online RL in multi-turn computer-use agents.

Mianqiu Huang, Taofeng Xue, Chong Peng et al. · 1 citation
#natural language process... Preprint Aug 2026

GPTKB 2.0: Direct Construction of Disambiguated Knowledge Bases from Large Language Models

Automated Knowledge Base Construction (AKBC) is a core NLP task, and recent work proposes generating knowledge bases directly from large language models (LLMs), treating the model itself as the knowledge source. However, LLMs natively possess no representation of entities, leading to duplicate entries as well as conflations. We propose GPTKB 2.0, a methodology for constructing disambiguated KBs directly from LLMs. GPTKB 2.0 incorporates on-the-fly disambiguation of entities, relations and classes, and is meticulously designed to satisfy both scalability and disambiguation accuracy. We analyze the central design decisions and characterize the trade-offs between accuracy, scale, and cost. We execute GPTKB 2.0 at scale, obtaining a materialized KB containing over 1M disambiguated entities and 38.4M triples. This represents the first million-scale LLM-native KB with explicit internal canonicalization of entities, relations, and classes, a significant departure from prior Wikimedia-centric works. GPTKB 2.0 is available at https://gptkb.org/.

Yujia Hu, Tuan-Phong Nguyen, S. Razniewski · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Jul 2026

Estimating Uncertainty from Reasoning: A Large-Scale Study of Multi- and Crosslingual MCQA Performance in LLMs

It is found that prompting models to reason in English while keeping questions in low-resource languages substantially improves UE performance, suggesting that comprehension of low-resource languages is largely intact, and that the reliability bottleneck lies in generation rather than understanding.

Andrea Alfarano, Andrea Bacciu, Saab Mansour et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Aug 2026

KREL: Automatic Medical Coding via Knowledge-Guided Reasoning over Clinical Evidence with LLMs

This work proposes Knowledge-Guided Reasoning over Clinical Evidence with LLMs (KREL), a framework that leverages LLMs for clinical text understanding and reasoning while integrating external ICD coding guidelines as structured knowledge, and enables tight coupling between domain knowledge and LLM reasoning.

Xubin Chen, Yipeng Zhou, Wenxin Sun et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Aug 2026

Co-Evolving Structured Knowledge and Reasoning in Language Models

Kevo is a co-evolving framework that jointly learns to construct a structured knowledge base and reason over it for knowledge-intensive question answering, which leads to larger, better-connected knowledge structures with higher answer reachability, while also improving compositional factual reasoning and controllability compared to standard retrieval baselines.

Ryan Thomas Noonan, Lin-Xi Zhao, Meng-Han Xu et al. · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Aug 27, 2026

Looking beyond natural sequences

A new machine-learning framework aims to improve the success rate of computational protein design while moving away from results that reproduce sequences found in nature.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Aug 20, 2026

Paving the way for greener ammonia production

New MIT research could lead to better materials for a fossil-fuel-free process for making the chemical that's essential to fertilizer and other products.

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