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natural language processing

9,568 papers

#natural language process... Preprint Open access Sep 2026

KaLM-Reranker-V1: Fast but Not Late Interaction for Compressed Document Reranking

As retrieval systems scale, effective and efficient reranking becomes increasingly important. However, most existing encoder- and decoder-based rerankers jointly process every query--passage pair, tightly coupling their online computation and limiting deployment efficiency and flexibility. We present KaLM-Reranker-V1,...

Xinping Zhao, Jiaxin Xu, Ziqi Dai et al. · 0 citations

PreUnlearn: Auditing Collateral Knowledge Damage Before Large Language Model Unlearning

How unlearning effects propagate from the forget set to same-domain and distant-domain knowledge not after but before unlearning is measured to find a consistent decay pattern: collateral damage is strongest near the forget set, weakens with semantic distance, but does not disappear at domain boundaries.

Bo Su, Ankit Shah, Thai Le · 3 citations · ⚡1
#natural language process... Preprint May 2026

GroupTravelBench: Benchmarking LLM Agents on Multi-Person Travel Planning

GroupTravelBench is introduced, the first benchmark for multi-user, multi-turn travel planning, and a complementary evaluation framework combining rule-based outcome metrics and LLM-judge process metrics, suggesting that group-level outcome quality is a key open challenge for LLM travel-planning agents.

Xiang Cheng, Yu-Lan Hu, Lu Zheng et al. · 5 citations

Co-FactChecker: A Framework for Human-AI Collaborative Claim Verification Using Large Reasoning Models

Co-FactChecker is proposed, a framework for human-AI collaborative claim verification that translates expert feedback into trace-edits that introduce targeted modifications to the trace, sidestepping the shortcomings of dialogue-based interaction.

Dhruv Sahnan, Subhabrata Dutta, Tanmoy Chakraborty et al. · 1 citation

Learning Diagnostic Reasoning for Decision Support in Toxicology

DeToxR (Decision-support for Toxicology with Reasoning), the first adaptation of Reinforcement Learning to emergency toxicology, is presented, which designs a robust data-fusion engine for multi-label prediction across 14 substance classes based on an LLM finetuned with Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO).

Nico Oberländer, D. Bani-Harouni, Tobias Zellner et al. · 0 citations

Calibrated Confidence Expression for Radiology Report Generation

ConRad (Confidence Calibration for Radiology Reports), a reinforcement learning framework for fine-tuning medical LVLMs to produce calibrated verbalized confidence estimates alongside radiology reports, is introduced and substantially improves calibration and outperforms competing methods.

D. Bani-Harouni, Chantal Pellegrini, Julian Lüers et al. · 0 citations

Semantic Self-Distillation for Language Model Uncertainty

It is shown that sampled semantic distributions can be distilled into lightweight student models which estimate a prompt-conditioned density before the language model generates an answer token, which can serve as a general framework for distilling predictive uncertainty in complex output spaces beyond language.

Edward Phillips, Sean Wu, Fredrik K. Gustafsson et al. · 4 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Sep 2026

CausalEmbed: Auto-Regressive Multi-Vector Generation in Latent Space for Visual Document Embedding

Although Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown remarkable potential in Visual Document Retrieval (VDR) through generating high-quality multi-vector embeddings, the substantial storage overhead caused by representing a page with thousands of visual tokens limits their practicality in real-world application...

Jiahao Huo, Yu Huang, Yibo Yan et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Sep 2026

Geometric Uncertainty for Detecting and Correcting Hallucinations in LLMs

Large language models are known to hallucinate, generating linguistically plausible but incorrect answers to questions. Uncertainty quantification has been proposed as a strategy to detect such behaviour, but existing methods lack a unified framework to assess reliability at both the prompt and answer level. We introdu...

Edward Phillips, Sean Wu, Soheila Molaei et al. · 0 citations
#computer vision Open access Oct 2024

MultiViewDx: Evidence-Linked Multi-View Clinical Diagnosis

MultiViewDx, a partly physician-validated multimodal instruction dataset for evidence-linked multi-view medical imaging diagnosis, is introduced and Controlled ablations and clinician evaluation show that both case-level multi-view organization and evidence-linked reasoning targets contribute to the gain.

Jun-Da Wang, Zonghai Yao, Yujan Ting et al. · 2 citations · ⚡1

Behavior is Not Enough: A Mechanism-Based Evaluation of Social Norm Emergence in LLM Societies

An evaluation framework that measures agents' empirical and normative expectations in addition to behavioral convergence is introduced, offering designers of multi-agent systems a principled basis for selecting the social processes that sustain cooperation.

Rasika Muralidharan, Haewoon Kwak, Ji-Sun An · 2 citations

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