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small language model

3,533 papers

#large language models Open access Sep 2026

A Statistical Perspective on Transformers for Small Longitudinal Cohort Data

ABSTRACT Modeling of longitudinal cohort data typically involves complex temporal dependencies between multiple variables. There, the transformer architecture, which has been highly successful in language and vision applications, allows us to account for the fact that the most recently observed time points in an indivi...

Kiana Farhadyar, Maren Hackenberg, Kira Ahrens et al. · 0 citations

Guideline-Based Evaluation of Large Language Models in Psoriasis Treatment.

Current LLMs can match or exceed dermatologists in completeness of guideline-based systemic psoriasis recommendations, particularly in low-risk contexts, however, they remain more prone to critical safety errors in complex, high-stakes scenarios.

K. Xia, L. Min, Dan Jian · 0 citations

Before 'Expert-Level' Performance: Reproducibility and Reference-Standard Concerns in Evaluating Large Language Models for Endodontic Diagnosis.

Findings are best viewed as preliminary evidence of high concordance under controlled conditions and should use transparent model reporting, repeated runs, consensus reference standards, and clinically representative multimodal cases before expert-level performance is inferred.

S. Misra, Rupsa Das · 0 citations
#small language model Preprint Sep 2026

From Intents to Algorithms: Verified Algorithm Discovery for Transport Networks

Intent-based networking decouples desired outcomes from device-level configuration, but most systems still map intents to parameters of an algorithm selected in advance. Large language models (LLMs) create an opportunity to automate algorithm design, yet unrestricted generated code is unsuitable for transport-network c...

Behnam Ojaghi, R. Vilalta, Raúl Muñoz · 1 citation
#small language model Preprint Sep 2026

DRSR: Learning Set-Level Deletion Risk for Efficient Long-Horizon Agents

Direct Relational Set-Risk Pruning is introduced, which formulates agent-history compression as risk-constrained selection over deletion sets and shows that decision-conditioned relations, retained-context information, pair interactions, and abstention each contribute to reliable pruning.

Ming-Xuan Wang, Bo Wang, Fei Luo et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Sep 2026

Mizar: A 159M-Parameter Audio-Language Model for Audio Understanding

Mizar, a 159.3M-parameter ALM, is introduced, a recipe that brings together architecture, data, and three-stage training to build Mizar, a 159.3M-parameter ALM that surpasses the previous best-performing ALM below 200M parameters on all three benchmarks.

Kai-Yang Li, Shaobo Han, Yue Tian et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Sep 2026

Same Scores, Different Decisions: Evaluating JEV and Language Models for Legal Document Understanding

Jev has the lowest cost and median response time among the evaluated configurations, while hosted language models achieve higher baseline accuracy and Rankings by baseline accuracy differ from rankings by correctness across every condition and repeat, although small differences in the latter do not establish a general...

Fan Zhang, Yan-Kai Chen, Zhuo-Han Xie et al. · 13 citations · ⚡1
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

The Path Matters: Evaluating Small Language Models Beyond Answer Accuracy in KGQA

This work isolates SLM graph reasoning from navigation and traceability capability by employing the THESEUS navigation and traceability framework and using frozen, off-the-shelf SLMs as local action policies, and results motivate evaluating SLM graph reasoning beyond endpoint accuracy alone.

Eduin E. Hernandez, Sergio A. Diaz, Luis F. Garcia et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

Less Language, More Latents: Annotation-Efficient VLAs for Driving

A three-stage pipeline that transforms abundant unlabelled observation-trajectory pairs into a substrate for language-conditioned control and achieves a Driving Score of 87.98 and a Success Rate of 70.46%, matching or surpassing fully supervised baselines on the closed-loop Bench2Drive benchmark.

Alexey Zakharov, Kemal Oksuz, P. Dokania · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

Feed the Panel Dimensions, Not Verdicts: Rubric-Decomposed Fusion of Vision-Language Aesthetic Judges

Vision-language models (VLMs) are deployed as zero-shot judges of image aesthetics, and panels of several models are recommended, on thin evidence, as the way to make such judges reliable. On two human-rated datasets, EVA and PARA, we find that a panel of holistic judges never significantly beats its best member, wheth...

Amit Jadhav, Shaurya Beriwala, Beomjin Kim · 0 citations

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