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small language model

3,573 papers

#small language model Open access Sep 2026

A Square Net and a Triangular Net Describe the World With the Same Exponent, and Only the Coefficient Differs ── counting lattice points inside a circle with square, triangular and rectangular lattices of the same density, the error grows as a power of the radius whose exponents 0.525037, 0.521921 and 0.542771 differ by only 0.02 while the coefficients 1.392341, 1.657107 and 1.119127 differ by 0.30; Tractatus 6.341, that the shape of the net is arbitrary and only its fineness says something about the world, is counted as exponent against coefficient ── the separator is whether what was changed is the shape of the net or its fineness ── [Paper 1033]

In Tractatus 6.341 Wittgenstein likened mechanics to a net laid over the world: the shape of the mesh (square or triangular) is arbitrary, and all that can be said of the world is that it can be described by a net of this fineness. This paper counts the simile with lattice points. Three lattices of the same density are...

Yuuki Yamagishi · 0 citations
#small language model Open access Sep 2026

quant_eval: A Behavioral Evaluation Harness for Full-Weight and Quantized Large Language Models

This paper describes quant_eval, a behavioral evaluation harness for comparing full-weight and quantized large language models on agent-relevant structured tasks, and demonstrates the methodology on a single worked example. METHOD The harness scores a model against a versioned, content-addressed fixture set across eigh...

Patrick Hill · 0 citations
#small language model Open access Sep 2026

How Many Frequencies Can Be Nulled Is Fixed by the Number of Coefficients ── five coefficients null two frequencies, a third raises the count to 7, and truncating back to five leaves none of the three at zero ── [Paper 520]

How many demands of the form “null this frequency” can be met? What this paper shows is that the ceiling is set by the number of coefficients, and that falling short does not cost one demand but all of them. No new theorem or law is claimed. Scope of this paper (scope note): No new theorem or law is claimed──the fundam...

Yuuki Yamagishi · 0 citations
#small language model Dataset Open access Sep 2026

Historical Detective Fiction: An Annotated Bibliographic Dataset of 301 Novels and Series (first publications 1594–2023)

About This is a single-author, source-verified bibliographic dataset of 301 works of historical detective fiction – single novels and whole series, first published between 1594 and 2023, in 36 original languages, in 46 countries. Each of the 301 entries is a bibliographic record carrying an annotation, describing why t...

Marina Bulakhova · 0 citations
#small language model Open access Sep 2026

precis-mcp: a Model Context Protocol server for papers, documents, and agent state

precis-mcp is a Model Context Protocol (MCP) server that gives language-model agents a small, uniform API for reading, writing, and searching across scientific papers, documents, personal state, code, and cached tool calls. Small-model-friendly (7B-class agents are the design target), it exposes a handful of typed verb...

Reto Stamm · 0 citations
#explainable ai Open access Sep 2026

Window Theory • AI — Appendix A: Metaphor Material and Case Verification

Window Theory - AI (wtAI): A Falsifiable Framework for Flexibility-Fragility Coupling in Large Language Models This is a six-part research series examining a structural pattern in decoder-based next-token-prediction systems deployed as dialogue and instruction agents. It is written for readers with a background in mach...

Wai-Hung (Pan) Tam · 0 citations
#explainable ai Open access Sep 2026

Window Theory • AI — Paper 0: Prologue

Window Theory - AI (wtAI): A Falsifiable Framework for Flexibility-Fragility Coupling in Large Language Models This is a six-part research series examining a structural pattern in decoder-based next-token-prediction systems deployed as dialogue and instruction agents. It is written for readers with a background in mach...

Wai-Hung (Pan) Tam · 0 citations
#small language model Open access Sep 2026

The Energy Fluctuation of Light Is a Particle Term Plus a Wave Term, and the Two Are Equal Exactly When the Occupation Number Is 1 ── in the energy fluctuation of a single mode, the particle term divided by the wave term equals the reciprocal of the occupation number and becomes 1 at hν = kT ln 2; at the Planck peak the particle term is 15.8 times the wave term, and for visible sunlight 91.5 times ── the separator is whether the occupation number is above or below 1 ── [Paper 1022]

In 1909 Einstein showed that the energy fluctuation of a single mode of black-body radiation is the sum of a term like that of light quanta and a term like that of classical waves. This paper checks by three routes, the formula, the distribution of the occupation number and thermodynamics, that the ratio of the two ter...

Yuuki Yamagishi · 0 citations
#small language model Open access Sep 2026

The Energy Fluctuation of Light Is a Particle Term Plus a Wave Term, and the Two Are Equal Exactly When the Occupation Number Is 1 ── in the energy fluctuation of a single mode, the particle term divided by the wave term equals the reciprocal of the occupation number and becomes 1 at hν = kT ln 2; at the Planck peak the particle term is 15.8 times the wave term, and for visible sunlight 91.5 times ── the separator is whether the occupation number is above or below 1 ── [Paper 1022]

In 1909 Einstein showed that the energy fluctuation of a single mode of black-body radiation is the sum of a term like that of light quanta and a term like that of classical waves. This paper checks by three routes, the formula, the distribution of the occupation number and thermodynamics, that the ratio of the two ter...

Yuuki Yamagishi · 0 citations
#small language model Open access Sep 2026

The Extrapolation Crosses Zero Because the Heat-Capacity Difference Was Held Constant ── With a melting entropy of 10 and a heat-capacity difference of 30, the extrapolated entropy difference crosses zero at T=214.959393, or 0.716531 of the melting point ── let it vanish as the third law requires and it need not cross at all ── [Paper 503]

The Kauzmann paradox is spoken of as a property of supercooled liquids. This paper shows that crossing zero follows from holding the heat-capacity difference constant──held constant, however small, it always crosses. No new theorem or law is claimed. Scope of this paper (scope note): No new theorem or law is claimed──t...

Yuuki Yamagishi · 0 citations
#small language model Open access Sep 2026

The Spatial Curvature of a Rotating Disk Is −3Ω²/c², and Its Argument Differs from the −1/c² of Velocity Space ── the Gaussian curvature of the spatial metric of a rotating frame is −3Ω²/c² at the centre and vanishes when Ω is set to 0; for a disk whose rim moves at half the speed of light the circumference over the diameter is πγ = 3.627599 and the area is 1.071797 times the Euclidean one, growing less than the circumference; the curvature −1/c² of velocity space contains no Ω and has different units ── the separator is whether what bends is rotation or the composition of velocities ── [Paper 1027]

The circumference of a rotating disk is longer than π times its diameter (Ehrenfest 1909). Einstein used this disk as a clue that geometry under gravity would not be Euclidean. This paper obtains the Gaussian curvature of the spatial metric of a rotating frame by two routes, symbolic computation and numerical different...

Yuuki Yamagishi · 0 citations
#large language models Open access Sep 2026

The Extrapolation Crosses Zero Because the Heat-Capacity Difference Was Held Constant ── With a melting entropy of 10 and a heat-capacity difference of 30, the extrapolated entropy difference crosses zero at T=214.959393, or 0.716531 of the melting point ── let it vanish as the third law requires and it need not cross at all ── [Paper 503]

The Kauzmann paradox is spoken of as a property of supercooled liquids. This paper shows that crossing zero follows from holding the heat-capacity difference constant──held constant, however small, it always crosses. No new theorem or law is claimed. Scope of this paper (scope note): No new theorem or law is claimed──t...

Yuuki Yamagishi · 0 citations

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