Discovery of edodine, a natural compound from Lentinula edodes with antibacterial activity for the biological control of fire blight pathogen Erwinia amylovora.
Aug 2026· Pest Management Science· 0 citations· 64 references
Medicine
TL;DR
Given the strong disease control efficacy of L. edodes HK761 and its active compound edodine, the findings provide a solid foundation for developing new biological control agents for fire blight disease.
Abstract
Background
In the search for biological resources with antibacterial activity against Erwinia amylovora, the culture filtrate of Lentinula edodes HK761 exhibited strong in vitro activity. This study aimed to: (i) identify the antibacterial compound produced by L. edodes HK761; and (ii) evaluate its antibacterial activity and mode of action.
Results
Using bioassay-guided fractionation of antibacterial activity, an active compound was isolated from the culture filtrate of L. edodes HK761 and identified by spectroscopic analyses as edodine. When edodine was applied to Chinese pearleaf crabapple seedlings, necrosis was limited to the leaf rudiment and leaf blades, with a disease control value of 89% at a concentration of 100 μg mL-1. In the transcriptomic profiles, edodine altered gene expression patterns, particularly in pathways related to metabolism and cellular processes. Edodine reduced swarming motility and induced cell elongation in E. amylovora, along with transcriptomic changes in genes related to motility and protein folding. Edodine reduced intracellular ATP levels by 40% and 53% at concentrations of 2 and 5 μg mL-1, respectively. Furthermore, edodine exhibited synergistic antibacterial effects when combined with conventional antibiotics.
Marine endophytic fungi have arisen as a prospective source of bioactive secondary metabolites with potential cosmeceutical and pharmaceutical applications. In this study, four endophytic fungal isolates were obtained from Egyptian marine algae Colpomenia sinuosa. Preliminary screening for antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis indicated that the isolate EF2 was the most active, exhibiting an inhibition percentage of 40.67%, and therefore was selected for optimization by the Plackett–Burman experiment and response surface methodology. This optimization significantly improved the inhibitory activity from 40.67% to 94.4%. The optimized crude extract of isolate EF2 exhibited strong antioxidant activity with the DPPH assay and significant anti-inflammatory activity by cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme inhibition. Furthermore, it demonstrated pronounced tyrosinase inhibitory activity, suggesting its potential role in melanin biosynthesis regulation. The isolate was molecularly identified as Mucor circinelloides AUMC 16435 with accession number PP837661. Cytotoxicity assessment revealed selective activity against carcinoma cells with relatively low toxicity toward normal fibroblasts, indicating a favorable safety profile. GC–MS analysis of EF2 isolate crude extract (Mucor circinelloides AUMC 16435) demonstrated several bioactive constituents, with 3-methoxy-2, 4, 6-trimethyl-cyclohex-2-enone and 2-fluoro-3-trifluoromethylbenzoicacid-3-hexadecyl ester as the predominant compounds. Molecular docking studies further confirmed favorable binding interactions of the compounds within the tyrosinase active site, with energies of binding -6.1 and -5.9 kcal/mol, respectively. Overall, this study reports the first isolation of M. circinelloides from Egyptian C. sinuosa and highlights its potential as a promising source of bioactive metabolites with enhanced antibacterial activity and multifunctional properties suitable for pharmaceutical and dermocosmetic applications.
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