Protective Effects of Methanolic Extract of Michelia champaca Leaves Against Dexamethasone-induced Dyslipidemia and Hyperglycemia in Albino Wistar Rats

Abstract

Background: Long-term use of dexamethasone is associated with metabolic complications such as hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and hepatic dysfunction. Natural plant-derived compounds have gained attention as complementary approaches for managing metabolic disorders. Leaves of Michelia champaca contain several bioactive phytochemicals with reported antidiabetic and antioxidant activities. Aim: This study evaluated the protective effects of the methanolic extract of M. champaca leaves (MEMC) against dexamethasone-induced metabolic alterations in albino Wistar rats. Methods: Rats were divided into five groups (n = 6): normal control, dexamethasone control, standard drug, MEMC 200 mg/kg, and MEMC 400 mg/kg. Dexamethasone (1 mg/kg) was administered for 21 days to induce metabolic disturbances. Body weight, fasting blood glucose, serum lipid profile (total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL, and VLDL), and liver function markers (AST, ALT, and ALP) were assessed. Results: Dexamethasone significantly increased fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and VLDL levels, while reducing HDL levels and liver enzyme levels. MEMC treatment resulted in dose-dependent improvements in these parameters. The higher dose (400 mg/kg) showed greater reduction in hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia and partially restored liver enzyme levels. Conclusion: MEMC demonstrated significant antihyperglycemic, antidyslipidemic, and hepatoprotective effects, suggesting its potential as a complementary therapeutic agent against glucocorticoid-induced metabolic disturbances. Major Finding: MEMC at 400 mg/kg effectively reduced hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia while improving liver function, highlighting its protective role against dexamethasone-induced metabolic complications.