Response Calculus for Spectral Simplicity and Joint Eigenvalue Densities

Abstract

We develop a perturbative response calculus for spectral problems obtained by changing the speed measure of a fixed symmetric energy form in a Gaussian environment. If Cameron--Martin translation acts by $\mu_{x+f}=e^{\kappa f}\mu_x$, unitary transport identifies the varying $L^2$ spaces and produces a common-domain analytic family. For a positive eigenvalue $\Lambda$, the first-order operator is $-\kappa\Lambda$ times the compression of multiplication by $f$ to the $\Lambda$-eigenspace; its eigenvalues are the derivatives of the analytic branches issuing from $\Lambda$. A countable separation condition and finite-dimensional Gaussian disintegration then give almost-sure simplicity; a response-transversality condition and the inverse function theorem give joint densities for all finite vectors of positive ordered eigenvalues. We verify these hypotheses for every $0<\gamma<2$ in two models: Dirichlet Liouville Brownian motion on an arbitrary bounded connected planar domain, and the Liouville--Cauchy operator on the circle. In the first model the whole spectrum is almost surely simple; in the second the constants form the deterministic zero mode and the positive spectrum is almost surely simple. Transversality follows from a local eigenfunction-square identity in the Brownian case and its nonlocal jump-form analogue in the Cauchy case.