A Comprehensive Study of the Distribution of Atmospheric Contaminants as a Result of Human and Industrial Activities in Eleme Industrial Area, Port Harcourt, Rivers State
Abstract
The study also examined the distribution of atmospheric contaminants resulting from human and industrial activities in the Eleme industrial area of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. The objectives of the study were to identify the pollutant present in the atmosphere, to determine the concentration pf pollutants in the designated study environment, to establish the air quality index of different pollutants in the study areas and to determine the effect of the pollutants in the study areas. The study adopted in carrying out an experimentin air pollution level in the designated study areas. Data were collected through field by mobile air quality monitoring equipment with some hand-held equipment. Air Quality Index (AQI) assessment was also conducted to determine the level and distribution of atmospheric contaminants in the study area. The findings revealed that the concentration of suspended particulate matter PM2.5 and carbon monoxide (CO) exceeded the permissible standards in highly commercial areas, densely populated residential areas, and industrial zones and in the residential areas in the morning and afternoon hours in the study area. The presence of high concentration particulate pollutants (PM2.5) has a significant negative impact on the ambient air quality status of Eleme metropolis as in terms of Air Quality Index. The study concluded that the main source of the pollutants appears to be vehicular and machines emission as its concentration is highest in the sites located in the busy commercial zones of the city with high transport density and industrial activities. Based on the findings, the study recommended increased government funding for environmental research, proper land use planning, promotion of public awareness and environmental education, and improved urban and rural planning strategies aimed at reducing pollution and enhancing sustainable sanitation systems.