Jul 2026· Italian National Conference on Sensors· Vol 26, pp. 4304· 0 citations· 127 references
Medicine
TL;DR
This work highlights how defining 6G characteristics, such as Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communications, massive IoMT connectivity, distributed edge intelligence, and AI-native network operation, not only enable next-generation hospital services but also reshape the security and privacy threat landscape and the requirements of mitigation mechanisms.
Abstract
Smart Hospitals integrated within 6G edge networks aim to enhance hospital connectivity and operational efficiency by enabling intelligent and personalized e-health services and applications while optimizing resource utilization and maintaining a high degree of autonomy. Nevertheless, the interconnectivity and 6G integration, which comprise core components of Smart Hospitals, are susceptible to a wide range of security threats, posing significant risks to the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of hospital data and operations. Given that security is a critical concern for Smart Hospitals, there is an urgent need to develop novel security mechanisms to safeguard these environments within 6G edge networks. In particular, this work highlights how defining 6G characteristics, such as Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communications, massive IoMT connectivity, distributed edge intelligence, and AI-native network operation, not only enable next-generation hospital services but also reshape the security and privacy threat landscape and the requirements of mitigation mechanisms. In this context, the first essential step is to comprehensively understand both existing and emerging threats targeting Smart Hospitals in the 6G edge network ecosystem. Therefore, this article provides a categorization of security and privacy attacks based on their primary targets. Moreover, it presents a survey of mitigation techniques derived from recent literature, specifically designed to counter threats facing Smart Hospitals in 6G edge networks. The intent is to establish a foundation that supports ongoing research towards the development of effective, 6G-aware security countermeasures capable of protecting Smart Hospitals under the stringent latency, scalability, and reliability requirements of future healthcare environments.
Wireless body area networks (WBANs) became one of the most pioneering technologies in the medical sector and are known for continuous health monitoring and real-time medical data transmission. However, holding a secure WBAN environment is crucial to protect health-sensitive data and patient privacy from various cyber threats. This article serves as a comprehensive survey of potential security risks, focusing on security in WBAN. A detailed taxonomy of possible attacks is introduced, categorizing threats based on fundamental security services: authenticity, integrity, confidentiality, availability, and nonrepudiation. To alleviate these challenges, an in-depth classification of countermeasures has been provided, portraying detection mechanisms and defense strategies. This article emphasizes the need to implement multilayered security frameworks, integrating strong encryption, authentication mechanisms, and advanced anomaly detection mechanisms to safeguard WBAN systems. Moreover, this study serves as a foundation for future research on enhancing resilience in WBAN technologies.
Arnab Ghosh, Azees Maria, ArunSekar Rajasekaran et al.· Big Data· 0 citations
Internet of Things (IoT) technologies in the healthcare industry, also known as the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT), have proven to greatly improve patient monitoring, diagnostics, and clinical decision-making. The increasing prevalence of resource-challenged medical devices, wireless connectivity, and cloud services, however, has brought new risks around security and privacy concerns that can now directly impact patient safety and data integrity. In this paper, a thorough study of 41 peer-reviewed research papers from January 2018 through May 2025 revealed the current state of security vulnerabilities and resilience strategies in healthcare IoT systems. It provides a comprehensive analysis of security threats at the device, network, and application levels such as unauthorized access, malware and ransomware, data breaches, and denial-of-service attacks delivered in a systematic manner. This contrasts with existing surveys, which consider single security mechanisms and improve upon various multi-layered security means such as AI-enabled anomaly detection, blockchain-based authentication and auditability, low-compute cryptographic techniques, and privacy-preserving methods such as federated learning. The outcomes also show that although emerging technologies add a great deal of security and trust capabilities, issues on scalability, interoperability, deployment, and regulations are not yet fully addressed. This review highlights important knowledge gaps and offers structured knowledge and future directions for research to address the design of secure, resilient, and practically deployable IoMT architectures for real-world healthcare environments.
M. R. M. Hanan, M. J. A. Sabani· Sri Lankan Journal of Techno...· 0 citations
The growing use of interconnected and digital systems in clinical settings has increased the necessity of smart and robust protection systems that can assume extremely rigid privacy and reliability requirements. This paper presents the GuardianMesh: Anomaly-Resilient Federated Orchestration (GM-ARFO) a new AI-based threat prevention model that can be used to provide security to the world of distributed healthcare information ecosystems. The method proposed will allows collaborative intelligence between heterogeneous medical nodes and does not present sensitive patient information or centralised control. GuardianMesh (GM) works by using local clinical and system cues to create compact privacy preserving representations in the edge and then a detection of anomalous behaviors is possible early on. These depictions are jointly trained in an effective federated orchestration system that is resilient to adversarial manipulation and communication inefficiently. A dec-layer adjudication layer is what is used to package distributed evidence of anomalies to facilitate swift and automatic response procedures with have minimum impact to clinical processes. Moreover, adaptive monitoring adapts to behavior drift and the changing attack plans all the time, ensuring the reliability of detection over a long period. Thorough tests in various conditions of operation and adversary show that GM-ARFO has a high level of detection, low false alarms, lower response time in addition to maintaining data confidentiality. The findings support the fact that the suggested GuardianMesh framework offers a scalable, future-restaurant, and privacy-aware platform of ensuring the safety of next-generation healthcare information infrastructures. The suggested method attains an overall detection accuracy of 96.8%, indicating a highly dependable identification of anomalous behaviours in remote healthcare systems.
Ramgopal Kashyap, Vrince Vimal, Vikalp Sharma et al.· 2026 International Conferenc...· 0 citations
The Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged as a transformative technology by enabling billions of interconnected devices to communicate, exchange data, and provide intelligent services across diverse application domains such as healthcare, smart cities, agriculture, industrial automation, and transportation. Despite its widespread adoption, the heterogeneous nature of IoT devices, resource constraints, and the increasing sophistication of cyber-attacks have introduced significant security and privacy challenges. Ensuring the security of IoT environments has therefore become a critical requirement for protecting sensitive data, maintaining service availability, and preserving user privacy. This paper presents a comprehensive review of IoT security by examining recent research trends, fundamental security requirements, major threat environments, and practical security guidelines. The study discusses essential security requirements, including confidentiality, integrity, availability, authentication, authorization, non-repudiation, and data freshness. Furthermore, it analyzes security threats at the device, network, cloud, and application layers and summarizes practical measures for developing secure IoT systems. The paper also highlights recent advancements in lightweight authentication, zero-trust security, artificial intelligence-assisted threat detection, and privacy-preserving techniques that strengthen modern IoT ecosystems. The review provides a concise yet comprehensive overview of IoT security concepts and serves as a useful reference for researchers, practitioners, and students interested in developing secure and reliable IoT applications.
Arul Anitha Dr. A· International Journal of Inn...· 0 citations
The rapid proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies has transformed the modern home into a complex cyber–physical ecosystem encompassing hundreds of millions of connected devices globally. Smart homes support automation, energy management, and healthcare monitoring, but they also introduce a broad and evolving range of security and privacy challenges. This review examines 233 sources published between 2018 and May 2025, selected through a PRISMA-informed process covering five major academic databases and relevant standards and technical reports. It discusses communication protocols, including Matter, develops a Threat-Layer-Defense synthesis matrix covering ten attack categories; examines the practical limitations of AI-based anomaly detection and blockchain-based trust management; and derives recommendations for manufacturers, platform providers, users, and regulators. Privacy challenges, regulatory frameworks, and user behavior are considered alongside technical threats. The findings suggest that scalable smart home security requires coordinated progress in protocol standardization, enforceable device update lifecycles, gateway-level anomaly detection, and privacy-preserving local analytics rather than reliance on a single technical solution.
Dalibor Radovanovic, Nikola Savanović, Jelena Janackovic et al.· Big Data and Cognitive Compu...· 0 citations
5G-Advanced (3GPP Release 18) architectural changes include multi-access edge computing (MEC) architectural changes, network automation, and non-public networks (NPNs). It is important to note that even though these advancements provide substantial performance advantages, they destroy fixed-perimeter security models, providing a distributed attack surface. The use of current security assessment strategies, which are usually non-fluid and isolated, is inadequate to offer the required runtime security health assurance needed in such fluid environments. This study presents a new security assurance framework (SAF) that would be used to provide ongoing evidence-based protection on core, edge, and private network domains. This framework employs a four-layer architecture, including monitoring, analytics (LM), policy engine, and enforcement, to convert security periodically audited to a dynamic threat-control-metric evidence chain. A 96% attack detection rate and a 99.8% reduction in response time (with a mean of 20.1 s) are proven by validation on an emulated 5G-Advanced testbed (approximating Release 18 features using Open5GS (v2.7.2 Rel-17, community developed, Seoul, Republic of Korea and custom extensions) based on a design science research (DSR) paradigm. Although the overhead (13% CPU, 21.4% memory) is manageable, the findings prove that all-time, multi-domain assurance is crucial to the healthy functioning of 5G-Advanced and is a key roadmap to autonomous 6G security.
E. Egho-Promise, Ekereuke Udoh, Edita Gashi et al.· Information· 0 citations
