Aug 2026· International Conference on Electromechanical Control Technology and Transportation· Vol 14324, pp. 1432412 - 1432412-14· 0 citations· 18 references
Engineering
Abstract
Dual active bridge (DAB) converters are pivotal in applications requiring bidirectional power flow, such as automotive and aerospace systems. The input series and output parallel (ISOP) configuration addresses the need for higher output currents by reducing the voltage stress on individual modules, yet it faces challenges like slow dynamic response, parameter sensitivity, and difficulties in maintaining output current sharing amid component mismatches and input disturbances. This study establishes an evaluation framework to quantify current-sharing risks in ISOP-DAB systems under extended phase shift (EPS) modulation, analyzing how inductance discrepancies and input voltage dispersion propagate uncertainties and define risk boundaries. By developing a parameter-uncertainty model and applying a multi-objective genetic algorithm, the research concurrently optimizes inductor current stress and the reflux of power. MATLAB simulations validate the theoretical derivations, demonstrating effective current sharing and enhanced performance under multivariable uncertainties. The conclusions confirm the framework's accuracy in guiding the robust design of ISOP-DAB converters, achieving a balance between operational stability and efficiency.
This paper presents the comprehensive design, analytical modeling, and simulation validation of a dual active bridge (DAB) converter for bidirectional power interfaces in microgrid applications. The proposed analysis is developed under single phase shift (SPS) modulation and is based on the voltage applied across the leakage inductance of the high-frequency transformer (HFT), from which the interval-by-interval evolution of the current is derived. This formulation allows the main electric variables of the HFT to be obtained analytically, including the transferred power, average output current, output power, and RMS current stress. The proposed sizing procedure also considers different operating cases according to the power flow direction and the voltage relation between the high- and low-voltage (HV and LV) DC buses. Particular attention is given to the sizing of the DC bus capacitors, whose capacitance and RMS current requirements are determined based on charge variation and the allowable voltage ripple. The analytical results are validated using a PSIM simulation model under both HV-to-LV and LV-to-HV power flow, including operation under a significant voltage mismatch condition. In addition, calculated and simulated results are reported for all four operating cases, demonstrating good agreement between the analytical formulation and the converter’s simulated behavior.
João Machado Silva, Sérgio Coelho, J. Afonso et al.· Electronics· 0 citations
High-voltage DC conversion technology is widely applied in power systems, rail transit, long-distance power transmission systems and other fields. The Input Series Output Parallel (ISOP) combined converter can effectively reduce the voltage stress of each module through the series-parallel connection of standard modules, while achieving high-power current output. However, the ISOP system has strict requirements for input voltage sharing and output current sharing, that is, it needs to have strong anti-interference ability. On the basis of fixed PI parameter adjustment, this paper introduces fuzzy control logic to real-timely tune the PI parameters, which ensures the control stability and achieves better dynamic performance. Compared with the traditional PI control, the proposed method has a 47% faster response time. To verify the effectiveness of the strategy, an experimental platform with 180W and 15KHz was built, and the recovery time of the output voltage for sudden load changes is only 26ms.
Fanrong Meng, Jialun Yang, Linwei Qu et al.· 2026 IEEE International Conf...· 0 citations
As renewable energy becomes increasingly essential to global energy strategies, grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems are gaining prominence. However, these systems introduce challenges related to power quality and system stability. This paper presents a unified nonlinear cascaded control strategy tailored for a multilevel single-input dual-output (SIDO) boost converter-based grid-connected PV system. The proposed approach is aimed at integrating the sliding mode control (SMC) for both maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and power factor correction (PFC) tasks, while a filtered proportional-integral (PI) controller is employed to stabilize DC voltage regulation. This combination control framework ensures these objectives under varying environmental conditions, all while taking advantage of multilevel conversion, such as reduced component stress and high voltage gain without transformers. Simulations studied within the MATLAB/Simulink environment confirm the proposed approach effectiveness, demonstrating reliable performance and enhanced improvements in system stability compared with the widely conventional approach.
Ouijdane Arich, A. Abouloifa, Amine El Boudali et al.· EPJ Web of Conferences· 0 citations
With the increasing dc-bus voltage level and power rating in renewable-energy applications, dual-parallel five-level active neutral-point-clamped (5L-ANPC) inverters have attracted growing attention because they can increase system capacity and improve output current quality. However, under asynchronous strategy, the dual-parallel 5L-ANPC inverters face a large number of space voltage vectors. Meanwhile, the simultaneous requirements of current tracking, CMV reduction, circulating current suppression, and capacitor voltage balancing further increase the difficulty of multi-objective control. To address these issues, this paper proposes a three-layer simplified model predictive control (MPC) strategy. The dual-parallel system is regarded as an equivalent nine-level inverter to improve the output current quality. To avoid the heavy burden caused by the large space voltage vector diagram, the gh coordinate system is adopted to calculate the required vector coordinates online, and low-CMV vector states are further selected to synthesize the reference voltage ( $V_{ref}$ ) without lookup tables (LUT). Then, a dynamic circulating current control strategy is developed to reallocate the vector states of each 5L-ANPC inverter, so that differential-mode current (DMCC) and zero-sequence circulating current (ZSCC) can be suppressed even under conditions of severe inductance mismatch. Finally, redundant switching combinations are used to balance the floating capacitor voltage (FCV) and neutral-point voltage (NPV). Experimental results show that compared with the advanced synchronous MPC strategy, the proposed strategy reduces the CMV peak-to-peak value by half, decreases the CMV RMS by up to 50%, and lowers the output current THD by at least 25%.
The increasing penetration of renewable energy in active distribution networks introduces severe power fluctuations and uncertainties. This challenges traditional scheduling methods that rely on conservative and static capacity boundaries of converter-interfaced equipment. This paper proposes a multi-time-scale secure and economic dispatch framework that explicitly integrates the dynamic operating characteristic constraints of grid-forming converters. First, a spatial correlation model based on Copula theory is established to handle wind power uncertainties via scenario generation and reduction for the day-ahead and intra-day scheduling phases. This formulation aims to minimize the comprehensive operational costs of the system. For the real-time rolling optimization phase, the short-term overload potential of grid-forming converters, which is unlocked by electro-thermal coupling optimization and discontinuous pulse width modulation phase-shift clamping, is mathematically abstracted into a generalized dynamic elliptical active and reactive power capability envelope. This cross-scale mapping mechanism allows the system to utilize transient thermal margins for enhanced local reactive power support without violating device junction temperature limits. Furthermore, the non-convex scheduling model is transformed into a mixed-integer second-order cone programming problem using convex relaxation techniques to guarantee global optimality and computational efficiency. Comprehensive case studies on the modified IEEE 33-bus and 69-bus systems demonstrate that the proposed strategy reduces tie-line power fluctuations and operational costs under extreme conditions. The results achieve a favorable economic trade-off between brief power quality degradation and global physical stability.
Ke Liu, Jun Han, Wenqian Zhang et al.· Electronics· 0 citations
The high rate of replacement of synchronous machines by inverter-based resources (IBRs) has increased the role of Dynamic Voltage Support (DVS) during grid disturbances, especially on weak and failed grid conditions. Traditional reactive-current-based grid-support rules can have a poor performance with large R/X ratios, deep voltage sags, and hard inverter current or power constraints. To this end, much research has been done on the development of the best control measures that can help in maximizing positive- sequence voltage, improving low-voltage ride-through capability, and reducing synchronization instability. The review gives a cohesive and thorough evaluation of the best DVS strategies, including analytical global-optimality models, model-driven optimization, sensitivity-based methods, active/reactive power allocation models, and newly developed model-free and real-time optimum-seeking controllers. The review identifies the importance of current limits, active power availability, and synchronization stability limitations in determining inverter behavior, and contrasts the outputs of various approaches to these problems in the presence of varying grid strengths. Aspects in practical implementation of photovoltaic, wind and storage inverters are discussed and also robustness in the face of parameter uncertainties. Future directions in research (such as adaptive optimization, controllers based on learning, multi-inverter coordination, and grid-forming DVS) are determined. This review summarizes the latest knowledge and defines the directions of resilient, optimal, and grid-code-conforming voltage support of next- generation power electronic inverters.
Prashant Kumar, Y. Singh· 2026 International Conferenc...· 0 citations