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Deep Learning-Based Indoor Path Loss Prediction Model With Spatial Attention

Sep 2026 · IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters · Vol 25, pp. 3656-3660 · 0 citations · 27 references

Abstract

Path loss (PL) prediction is critical for wireless networks and most data traffic originates indoors. Effective network planning and base station deployment in high-frequency bands of 5G/6G systems necessitate addressing the accuracy–efficiency tradeoff. We propose a deep learning framework that combines dilated convolutions with spatial attention mechanisms to enhance PL prediction accuracy. Our model adaptively extracts multiscale environmental features while focusing on site-specific PL through attention-driven localization. Experimental results demonstrate superior performance over conventional models. In addition, the proposed architecture eliminates input size constraints and enables direct fine-tuning with measurement data, offering practical advantages for facilitating real-world deployment.

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