Physiological, Transcriptomic, and Metabolomic Insights into Ammonia-Nitrogen Stress in the Hepatopancreas of Litopenaeus vannamei Acclimated to Low Salinity
Aug 2026· Biology· Vol 15, pp. 1394· 0 citations· 55 references
Medicine
TL;DR
This study clarifies the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying shrimp tolerance to combined low-salinity and ammonia stress, supporting the healthy development of low-salinity aquaculture.
Abstract
Simple Summary Low-salinity farming is popular for Litopenaeus vannamei cultivation but easily causes ammonia accumulation that endangers shrimp survival. Most previous studies focus on single stress or normal salinity, while the shrimp response to ammonia stress after low-salinity adaptation remains unclear. Here, we acclimated shrimp to 5‰ salinity and exposed them to high ammonia for 96 h. Ammonia stress caused hepatopancreatic oxidative damage and disturbed hemolymph nitrogen metabolism. Multi-omics analysis revealed 112 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and altered lipid and amino acid metabolism. Three core secretion, metabolism and immune pathways, together with key gene-metabolite pairs, were identified. This study clarifies the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying shrimp tolerance to combined low-salinity and ammonia stress, supporting the healthy development of low-salinity aquaculture.
It is shown that diploid Pacific oysters initiate early protective responses to maintain normal cellular function, but these responses may become insufficient under prolonged ammonia nitrogen stress, improving understanding of the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying ammonia toxicity in Pacific oysters.
Multi-omics analysis revealed hypoxia-induced alterations in metabolites and genes, providing crucial insights into the hypoxia tolerance mechanism of the L. crocea and offering evidence supporting the improved hypoxia tolerance of the selected population.
Yi-Bo Zhang, Jie Ding, Xue-Lei Wang et al.· Marine Pollution Bulletin· 0 citations
Results indicate that acute high-salinity stress disrupts ion regulation and acid–base balance, inhibits key ion-transport enzymes, and alters the intestinal microbial community, accompanied by changes in predicted microbial phenotypes and functional profiles.
Yi-Ming Li, Yucong Ye, Zong-Li Yao et al.· Marine Biotechnology· 0 citations
Wheat production is severely limited by soil salinity-alkalinity, yet the molecular mechanisms governing seed germination under such stress remain largely unelucidated. This study employed integrated transcriptomics, metabolomics, and WGCNA to decipher the adaptation strategies of germinating wheat seeds to gradient sa...
Kangning Li, Heng-Xin Xuan, Cheng Li· Physiologia Plantarum : An I...· 0 citations
Simple Summary Fish are often farmed in water that is saltier or more alkaline than freshwater, and they must cope with these changes quickly. We looked at what happened in the intestine (the gut) of Mozambique tilapia during the first 24 h in salty water, alkaline water, and a mixture of both. The gut showed tissue da...
Huan-Huan Su, Dong-Mei Ma, Jia-Jia Fan et al.· Animals· 0 citations
Overall, chronic salinity exposure caused structural alterations, disrupted ion regulation, altered antioxidant status, and marked transcriptomic and metabolomic changes in grass carp gills, offering new insight into salinity adaptation in freshwater fish.
