Bilevel Metaheuristic Optimization of Price–Incentive Based Demand Response with Aggregator Coordination for Profit Maximization of Retailer and End User

Single-level MILP incentive pricing for customer directrix load-based demand response in smart buildings

With the high penetration of renewable energy, tapping the regulation potential of smart buildings in distribution networks plays a pivotal role in enabling orderly renewable energy accommodation. Customer directrix load-based demand response serves as an effective mechanism for guiding smart building interaction....

Optimization of virtual power plant aggregation based on the differentiated adjustment ability of demand-side resource

Two-Stage Optimization Scheduling Model for Flexible Resource Aggregation in High-Share Renewable Energy Power Systems Considering Multi-Type Demand Response

: Aiming at the prominent problems of insufficient coordination of multi-type flexible resources and insufficient utilization of demand response potential in high-proportion renewable energy power systems, this paper proposes a two-stage optimal scheduling model for flexible resource aggregation that integrates price-b...

Multi-Market Joint Optimization and Cooperative Benefit Allocation for Wind–PV–Thermal–Storage Aggregators Considering Battery Degradation Cost

High penetrations of wind and photovoltaic (PV) generation increase renewable-output uncertainty, balancing-market exposure, and the demand for flexible ancillary services. This paper proposes a multi-market stochastic optimization and cooperative benefit-allocation framework for a wind–PV–thermal–storage aggregator co...

Dynamic Pricing Strategies for the Electricity Retail Market Using Reinforcement Learning Algorithms

This paper models the dynamic pricing problem of power retailers as a Markov decision process within a continuous action space and proposes a solution framework based on proximal policy optimization algorithms, validating the feasibility and practical effectiveness of reinforcement learning approaches for dynamic prici...

A Coalitional Game for Demand-Side Management in a Micro-Grid with Multiple Electricity Retailers

A coalition-formation algorithm based on multi-objective optimisation principles is proposed to identify coalition structures that balance retailer profit and consumer welfare and provides a tractable approach for analysing competition, coalition formation, and risk-aware pricing in multi-retailer demand-side managemen...