EFFECTS OF SIMULATED LEAF LOSS ON GROWTH AND YIELD PERFORMANCE OF TOMATO (SOLANUM LYCOPERSICUM L.) UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS

Abstract

Leaf loss in tomato production, whether due to pest damage, disease, or management practices, can significantly impact plant productivity. Understanding the relationship between leaf loss and yield is crucial for optimizing tomato production strategies. This study investigated the effects of varying degrees of simulated leaf loss on growth parameters and fruit yield of tomato plants under field conditions. A field experiment was conducted during the 2023 wet season at the Teaching and Research Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Nasarawa State University, Nigeria. The experiment followed a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four treatments replicated three times. Treatments included: T1 (25% leaf removal), T2 (50% leaf removal), T3 (75% leaf removal), and T4 (control - no leaf removal). Data were collected on plant height, number of leaves, flowers, fruits, and pest infestation at 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 weeks after emergence (WAE). Significant differences (P≤0.05) were observed in plant responses to leaf loss treatments. The 25% leaf removal treatment (T1) produced the highest fruit yield (1.92 kg/9m², equivalent to 483 kg/ha), significantly outperforming the 50% removal treatment (0.59 kg/9m², 256 kg/ha). Severe defoliation (75%) resulted in reduced yields (0.78 kg/9m², 192 kg/ha). Number of flowers and fruits were significantly affected by leaf loss intensity, with moderate defoliation showing optimal flowering response. Mild leaf loss (25%) can enhance tomato fruit yield compared to severe defoliation or no defoliation. However, leaf removal exceeding 50% significantly reduces plant productivity. These findings suggest that controlled defoliation practices should be limited to maintain optimal yield performance.