Unifying Semantic Priors and High-Frequency Traces: Enhancing V-JEPA with Mixture-of-Experts for Robust Synthetic Image Forensics

Abstract

The unchecked proliferation of manipulated images on social media platforms has increased the spread of misinformation, posing a severe threat to public trust and information integrity. Modern deepfake detectors typically rely on Vision Transformers (ViTs) to capture the low-level inconsistencies that characterize fully synthetic or locally tampered images. However, the global understanding of such foundation models is not enough to discriminate alone between real and fake multimedia content, especially in challenging scenarios where images are compressed or transmitted through social media. In this paper we pioneer the application of Joint-Embedding Predictive Architecture (JEPA) models to deepfake detection, taking advantage of the generalized representation of visual reality that such World Models have exhibited. We hypothesize, and empirically demonstrate, that the intrinsic world understanding of JEPA models can be used as a strong prior for a deepfake detector. To fully exploit JEPA capabilities, we propose MoE-JEPA, a dual-stream architecture for deepfake detection. By enhancing a V-JEPA 2 backbone with a Residual Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) mechanism, along with a noise stream branch, our model dynamically internalizes forensic knowledge. Furthermore, a Gated Attention Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) module is employed to ensure precise spatial semantic understanding. Evaluated on the SID-Set benchmark, comprising 300K AI-generated, tampered and authentic images, MoE-JEPA establishes a new state-of-the-art with an accuracy of 95.54%, successfully outperforming vastly larger models.