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ISOLATION AND PRIMARY SCREENING OF BACTERIA AS POTENTIAL BIOSURFACTANT PRODUCERS

Sep 2026 · МИКРОБИОЛОГИЯ ЖӘНЕ ВИРУСОЛОГИЯ · pp. 310-337 · 0 citations · 23 references

Abstract

To identify novel microorganisms with the potential to produce biosurfactants, bacterial isolates were recovered and subjected to primary screening from natural and anthropogenically contaminated sites in the Republic of Kazakhstan. A total of 15 environmental samples were collected, yielding 20 bacterial isolates, of which 10 were selected for further evaluation. Biosurfactant-producing activity was assessed using hemolytic activity, the oil displacement assay, the emulsification index (E24), surface tension measurements, and the CTAB agar assay. The most promising isolates exhibited an emulsification index (E24) exceeding 50%, reduced the surface tension of the culture supernatant to 18–20 mN/m, and produced oil displacement zones of up to 30 mm in diameter. The highest biosurfactant-producing activity was observed when the isolates were cultivated in a mineral medium supplemented with crude oil as the sole carbon source. Based on a combination of morphological, cultural, staining, physiological, and biochemical characteristics, the most active isolate was provisionally assigned to the genus Bacillus. These findings demonstrate the potential of the isolated strains for further molecular identification and detailed characterization of the biosurfactants they produce. С целью поиска новых микроорганизмов - потенциальных продуцентов биосурфактантов проведены выделение и первичный скрининг бактериальных изолятов, полученных из природных и техногенно загрязненных объектов Республики Казахстан. Исследовано 15 проб, из которых выделено 20 бактериальных изолятов, 10 из них отобраны для дальнейшего скрининга. Биосурфактант-продуцирующую активность оценивали по гемолитической активности, тесту вытеснения нефти, индексу эмульгирования (E24), поверхностному натяжению и активности на CTAB-агаре. Наиболее перспективные изоляты характеризовались индексом эмульгирования E24 более 50 %, снижением поверхностного натяжения культуральной жидкости до 18–20 мН/м и диаметром зоны вытеснения нефти до 30 мм. Наибольшая биосурфактант-продуцирующая активность наблюдалась при культивировании на минеральной среде с нефтью в качестве источника углерода. По комплексу морфолого-культуральных, тинкториальных и физиолого-биохимических признаков наиболее активный изолят предварительно отнесен к роду Bacillus. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о перспективности выделенных штаммов для дальнейшей молекулярной идентификации и изучения синтезируемых ими биосурфактантов.

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