BIM-Based Automation of Structural Quantity Take-off and Scheduling Using Autodesk Revit for Construction Risk Mitigation

Abstract

Background: Inaccurate manual quantity take-off from two-dimensional drawings remains a documented driver of cost overruns and rework in Indonesian building projects, yet evidence on the accuracy of native BIM-based quantity extraction for heterogeneous, multi-story residential structures remains limited. Objective: This single-case study evaluates Autodesk Revit 2023 for automated structural quantity take-off (QTO), cost estimation, and schedule planning at the Point Homy Haji Nawi building in Jakarta. Method: A descriptive quantitative design was applied. A LOD 300 model comprising seven pile-cap types, ten column types, thirteen beam types, three slab specifications, and six levels was developed from the frozen DED revision. The model was validated through a dimensional audit against the DED and owner verification, and quantities were extracted using Revit’s Schedule/Quantities functionality. RAB tender unit prices were applied, and floor-level deviations were calculated using Deviation (%) = (Revit − RAB)/RAB × 100. Results: Revit returned 557.83 m³ of K-350 concrete, 61,206.99 kg of reinforcement, and 7,575.00 m² of wire mesh, totaling IDR 2,966,557,705.83. The aggregate deviation from the RAB was IDR 9,426,887.17 (−0.32%), with a mean absolute floor-level deviation of 2.31%, which falls within the ±5% tolerance commonly accepted for tender estimates. The derived 24-week S-curve peaks at 10.02% in Week 16 and indicates a concentration of cash flow between Weeks 9 and 19. Conclusion: For this project, Revit supported accurate and auditable QTO, cost estimation, and schedule planning; however, broader claims regarding construction risk mitigation require confirmation across multiple cases.