Antiglycation and Amyloid‐β Inhibitory Activities of Pandanus odorifer Extracts and Isolated Constituents: In Vitro and Molecular Docking Insights

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder associated with amyloid‐β (Aβ) aggregation, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), and oxidative stress. This study investigated the antiglycation, antioxidant, anti‐amyloidogenic, and predicted drug‐likeness properties of Pandanus odorifer (Forssk.) Kuntze. The methanolic crude extract showed high total flavonoid content (121.7 ± 2.50 mg QE/g), moderate total phenolic content (16.61 ± 1.50 mg GAE/g), and strong AGE inhibition (IC50 = 57.30 µg/mL), with moderate radical scavenging activity. Chromatographic separation yielded syringaresinol (1), dehydrovomifoliol (2), and blumenol C glucoside (3), identified through spectroscopic analysis and comparison with published data. In the Thioflavin T assay, compounds 1–3 reduced Aβ‐associated fluorescence, with compound 3 producing the largest reduction (71.20% ± 4.42%) under the tested conditions. Molecular docking suggested interactions with Aβ42 oligomers and AD‐related enzymes, particularly acetylcholinesterase and β‐secretase, while in silico prediction indicated acceptable drug‐likeness without Lipinski violations. Overall, the findings identify P. odorifer as a source of constituents with antiglycation activity and preliminary Aβ‐associated ThT responses that warrant confirmation using orthogonal biophysical and biological assays.