Emerging work suggests that the computational architecture of predictive coding (PC), widely studied in visual perception, may be an appropriate model for understanding predictability effects in real-time reading (i. e., the influence of a preceding sentence context on current word processing via putative anticipatory mechanisms). We evaluated four hypotheses derived from PC models focused on: (1) bottom-up prediction error, (2) top-down sensory prediction, (3) biological plausibility, and (4) hierarchical inference. We argue that many empirical effects of predictability during reading are generally consistent with PC model hypotheses, such as ERP N400 context effects and facilitated recognition and reading times, while others are challenging to reconcile, such as the frontal positivity ERP effect to plausible prediction violations and emerging work examining brain-behavior dynamics in natural reading. Overall, we suggest that while PC applied to linguistic processing has some important explanatory utility, it likely does not reflect the sole core mechanism of the language architecture.
Theories of predictive coding propose that perception is the process of inferring the causes of our sensory input by comparing that input with predictions derived from our internal models of the world. Such predictive processes are thought to play a central role in language comprehension, however, robust neurophysiolog...
There is a general consensus in theories of human speech recognition that humans engage in predictive processing during online speech processing. There are also claims that predictive processing is indicative of the operation of a predictive coding (PC) mechanism. PC is a generative, hierarchical feedback framework whe...
B. Rogers, Monica Li, T. Hannagan et al.· Neural Computation· 0 citations
This study is concerned with the impact of plausibility on predictive sentence processing and memory for sentence content. Previous research provides inconsistent findings on how implausible input affects processing difficulty and memory performance. In a self-paced reading task and a subsequent word recognition memory...
Miriam Brockmeyer-Koch, Sarah Schimke· Memory & Cognition· 0 citations
Language comprehension involves actively predicting upcoming words, but it remains unclear how the brain responds when predictions are disconfirmed. In the present study, we examined the effect of prediction disconfirmation by measuring eye movements in two visual-world eye-tracking experiments. Additionally, we explor...
Jing Tong, Tanja C. Roembke, Wolfgang Scharke et al.· Journal of Cognition· 0 citations
Reading behaviour is sensitive to contextual demands. For example, when reading to study or answer questions, readers strategically allocate more attention to goal-relevant sections, read slower, and regress more frequently to extract specific information based on task demands. This suggests that readers flexibly adapt...
Pepita Alex, Julia Schwarz, B. Tatler et al.· bioRxiv· 0 citations
Across three experiments, we investigated how people process important but complex information and how this may change with age.
Using an adaptation of the value-directed remembering (VDR) paradigm for sentences that varied in constraint and predictability, younger and older adults read sentences associated...
Yu-Min W. Chung, Kara D. Federmeier· Frontiers in Cognition· 0 citations
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