Antibacterial Activity of Leaf, Stem and Flower Extracts of Songgolangit Plant Against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pectobacterium sp.
TL;DR
It is indicated that n-hexane flower extract possesses limited antibacterial activity against S. aureus, highlighting its potential as a source of antibacterial compounds and the need for further purification and characterization of its bioactive constituents.
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has encouraged the exploration of natural sources of antibacterial compounds, including Tridax procumbens L. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of leaf, stem, and flower extracts of T. procumbens against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pectobacterium sp. Plant samples were collected in Denpasar, Bali, dried, powdered, and extracted by maceration using 96% ethanol, n-hexane, and ethyl acetate. Antibacterial activity was assessed using the disc diffusion method at extract concentrations of 10–50%, with 1% DMSO as the negative control. Inhibition zone diameters were analyzed using analysis of variance followed by the least significant difference test at the 5% significance level. Leaf and stem extracts showed no antibacterial activity against any tested bacteria. Antibacterial activity was observed only in the flower extracts against S. aureus, with the n-hexane extract producing the largest inhibition zone (10.0 mm at 50% concentration), followed by the ethyl acetate extract, while the ethanol extract was inactive. No extracts inhibited E. coli or Pectobacterium sp. These findings indicate that n-hexane flower extract possesses limited antibacterial activity against S. aureus, highlighting its potential as a source of antibacterial compounds and the need for further purification and characterization of its bioactive constituents.